Wednesday, 23 March 2016

Japan is near a subduction zone. What type of faults would you expect to be responsible for many of the earthquakes there?

There are three types of faults that are produced in the action of an earthquake, a normal fault, a reverse fault, and a strike-slip fault.  Of these, I would expect to see primarily normal or reverse faults.  A subduction zone is where a more dense part of the ocean floor meets a less dense part, and the denser part is subducted, or pulled beneath the lighter, less dense part.  This is the same motion that is...

There are three types of faults that are produced in the action of an earthquake, a normal fault, a reverse fault, and a strike-slip fault.  Of these, I would expect to see primarily normal or reverse faults.  A subduction zone is where a more dense part of the ocean floor meets a less dense part, and the denser part is subducted, or pulled beneath the lighter, less dense part.  This is the same motion that is responsible for the production of normal and reverse faults.  The third type of fault, a strike-slip fault, is produced by the action of a transform boundary, where you have shearing motion produced between the two tectonic plates.  Strike-slip faults are responsible for much of the damage that occurs in the state of California, as California sits atop the strike-slip San Andreas fault.

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