Saturday, 4 January 2014

Why does conduction work better in solids then in liquids??

Conduction is the transfer of heat through a material or between objects that are in contact with each other. Solids conduct heat better than liquids because the particles of a solid are closer together. Heat is conducted through materials by the vibrations of molecules that are very close together. Faster moving molecules hitting slower moving molecules results in energy being transferred from warmer (faster moving) to cooler molecules until thermal energy eventually evens out throughout...

Conduction is the transfer of heat through a material or between objects that are in contact with each other. Solids conduct heat better than liquids because the particles of a solid are closer together. Heat is conducted through materials by the vibrations of molecules that are very close together. Faster moving molecules hitting slower moving molecules results in energy being transferred from warmer (faster moving) to cooler molecules until thermal energy eventually evens out throughout a substance. Molecules in a liquid are farther apart than in a solid so vibrations don't result in as many collisions with neighboring particles. 


The best solid conductors are metals. Metals have a sea of mobile valence electrons that move around and carry heat. Metals also conduct electricity because the mobile electrons allow charge to flow.


Gases conduct heat even less than liquids because of the much larger spacing between particles. Gases transfer heat by convection, in which heat moves in rising and falling air currents rather than by direct contact.

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