Thursday 18 May 2017

`y = sqrt(9-x^2)` Set up and evaluate the integral that gives the volume of the solid formed by revolving the region about the x-axis.

To find the volume of a solid by revolving the graph of `y =sqrt(9-x^2)` about the x-axis, we consider the bounded region in between the graph and the x-axis. To evaluate this, we apply the Disk method by using a rectangular strip  perpendicular to the axis of rotation. As shown on the attached image, we consider a vertical rectangular strip with a thickness =dx


We follow the formula for the Disk Method in a form of:` V = int_a^b pir^2 dx ` or `V = pi int_a^b r^2 dx`  where r is the length of the rectangular strip.


 In this problem, we let the length of the rectangular strip`=y_(above)-y_(below)` .


 Then `r =sqrt(9-x^2) -0=sqrt(9-x^2)`


Boundary values of x: `a= -3` to `b=3` .


Plug-in the values on the formula `V = pi int_a^b r^2 dx` , we get:


`V =pi int_(-3)^3 (sqrt(9-x^2))^2 dx`


`V =pi int_(-3)^3 (9-x^2) dx`


Apply basic integration property: `int (u-v)dx = int (u)dx-int (v)dx` .


`V =pi *[ int_(-3)^3 (9) dx- int_(-3)^3(x^2) dx]`


For the integral of `int_(-3)^3 (9) dx` , we apply basic integration property: `int c dx = cx` .


`int_(-3)^3 (9) dx =9x|_(-3)^3`


For the integral of  `int_(-3)^3(x^2) dx` , we apply Power rule for integration: `int x^n dx = x^(n+1)/(n+1)` .


`int_(-3)^3(x^2) dx = x^((2+1))/((2+1))|_(-3)^3` .


                   ` =x^3/3|_(-3)^3.`


Then,


`V =pi *[ int_(-3)^3 (9) dx-int_(-3)^3(x^2) dx]`


`V =pi *[ 9x-x^3/3]|_(-3)^3`


Apply definite integration formula: `int_a^b f(y) dy= F(b)-F(a)` .


`V =pi *[ 9(3)-(3)^3/3] -pi *[ 9(-3)-(-3)^3/3]`


`V =pi *[ 27-27/3] -pi *[ -27- (-27)/3]`


`V =pi *[ 81/3-27/3] -pi *[ (-81)/3- (-27)/3]`


`V =pi *[ 54/3] -pi *[ (-54)/3]`


`V =(54pi)/3 - ((-54pi)/3)`


`V =(54pi)/3 + (54pi)/3`


`V =(108pi)/3`


`V =36pi ` or `113.1 ` (approximated value)

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