Giovanni sees "the ruin of a marble fountain in the centre [of the garden], sculptured with rare art, but so wofully shattered that it was impossible to trace the original design from the chaos of remaining fragments. The water, however, continued to gush and sparkle in to the sunbeams as cheerfully as ever." It inspires Giovanni with a sense that it is an "immortal spirit," which sings its song without ceasing or taking any notice...
Giovanni sees "the ruin of a marble fountain in the centre [of the garden], sculptured with rare art, but so wofully shattered that it was impossible to trace the original design from the chaos of remaining fragments. The water, however, continued to gush and sparkle in to the sunbeams as cheerfully as ever." It inspires Giovanni with a sense that it is an "immortal spirit," which sings its song without ceasing or taking any notice of the comings and goings of life around it. We might interpret this fountain and its "immortal spirit" as symbolic of God, a God who watches the world become more and more corrupt around him and yet does nothing to stop it. God continues to exist and watch, but he does not stifle or prevent the danger and corruption bred around him.
Further, we find symbolism in the shrub with gigantic "purple blossoms, each of which had the lustre and richness of a gem"; this plant seems to be symbolic of Beatrice herself. She, too, is gorgeous, but—like the beautiful purple flowers—she, too, is deadly. Also, like the flowering plant, she is not purposefully deadly; she bears no ill will toward anyone or anything she might hurt. It is just a part of her nature, a nature that has been corrupted, as the plants have, by her father.
Likewise, the narrator says, "Every portion of the soil was peopled with plants and herbs." Some are in rich urns and others in simple pots, some creep low like snakes and others climb high. Giovanni then wonders if this garden is "the Eden of the present world." The garden seems to be symbolic of the world in general; some plants are fancy and rich-looking, others not. Some plants are high and some are low. The garden's variety seems to echo the world's variety. For Giovanni to wonder if this garden is the new Eden makes it seem as though, in the world of the story, corruption pervades paradise. Real paradise is gone and what exists now is only that which perverts it.
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