Discuss the roles and relationships between parents and children, specifically the Capulets and Montagues.

Juliet has a strained relationship with her parents, who are depicted as callous and unsympathetic to their daughter's feelings. Juliet's mother is portrayed as a distant parent, who does not understand her daughter well. Juliet confides in her nurse more than she does her mother. Although Lord Capulet has Juliet's best interests in mind, he is rather controlling and immediately chastises his daughter when she refuses to marry Paris. Lord Capulet even threatens to disown...

Juliet has a strained relationship with her parents, who are depicted as callous and unsympathetic to their daughter's feelings. Juliet's mother is portrayed as a distant parent, who does not understand her daughter well. Juliet confides in her nurse more than she does her mother. Although Lord Capulet has Juliet's best interests in mind, he is rather controlling and immediately chastises his daughter when she refuses to marry Paris. Lord Capulet even threatens to disown Juliet for disobeying his wishes in act three:

"Lay hand on heart, advise. An you be mine, I’ll give you to my friend. An you be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets, For, by my soul, I’ll ne'er acknowledge thee, Nor what is mine shall never do thee good. Trust to ’t, bethink you. I’ll not be forsworn" (Shakespeare, 3.5.191-196).

However, Lord Capulet changes his attitude immediately once he learns that Juliet has agreed to marry Paris. After Juliet is presumed dead, Lord Capulet demonstrates his love for Juliet by openly lamenting her death.

Throughout the play, Romeo independently roams the streets of Verona with his friends. He is not under the supervision of his parents like Juliet. However, Romeo's mother and father are depicted as loving parents. The Montagues are both concerned about Romeo's melancholy behavior at the beginning of the play, and Lord Montague begs the Prince to exile Romeo instead of killing him. When they discover that their son is dead, Lord Montague demonstrates his love for his son by grieving for Romeo.

What problems did the settlers of the middle colonies face and how did they overcome them?

Settlers of the middle colonies, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware, faced many challenges including Native Americans, location, weather, religious and ethnic diversity.

The settlers had to establish relationships with the Native Americans who were firmly in control of the land.

Making the best use of the climate and the land to meet their economic needs was paramount to their survival. Northern areas of the colonies had a harsh climate with a short growing...

Settlers of the middle colonies, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware, faced many challenges including Native Americans, location, weather, religious and ethnic diversity.

The settlers had to establish relationships with the Native Americans who were firmly in control of the land.

Making the best use of the climate and the land to meet their economic needs was paramount to their survival. Northern areas of the colonies had a harsh climate with a short growing season, while the colonies located further south were more temperate. The area contained fertile farmlands, accessible shipping ports, and locations suited to manufacturing and distribution. As the colonies developed, the inhabitants learned to use the land and location efficiently.

As the colonies grew, more diverse groups of people settled there bringing with them a variety of religious beliefs and customs. These diverse groups established settlements in different areas of the colonies and within the cities. The middle colonies became more tolerant of a variety of religions and ethnic backgrounds than either the northern or southern colonies. Because there were so many different groups, one group could not dominate the others so they learned to co-exist. 

The middle colonies developed and thrived through their economic and social diversity and wise use of natural resources.

How does Gregor's father react to his appearance?

When Gregor's father first sees him, he has a "hostile expression" on his face. He "clenched his fist, as if to drive Gregor back into the room, then looked uncertainly around the living room, shielded his eyes with his hands, and sobbed with heaves of his powerful chest." The scene, of course, is utterly tumultuous. Gregor's manager from work is there, and Gregor is feeling absolutely terrible about letting down his family.  He recognizes that...

When Gregor's father first sees him, he has a "hostile expression" on his face. He "clenched his fist, as if to drive Gregor back into the room, then looked uncertainly around the living room, shielded his eyes with his hands, and sobbed with heaves of his powerful chest." The scene, of course, is utterly tumultuous. Gregor's manager from work is there, and Gregor is feeling absolutely terrible about letting down his family.  He recognizes that he cannot allow the manager to leave, so he tries to keep very calm and explain the situation, promising that he will come to work shortly.  It is not going well, and then the coffee spills. Gregor cannot stop himself from snapping his jaws in the air, a motion that upsets everyone even further, including his father, who Gregor says has been "relatively calm until now."  At this point, his father begins to stamp his feet and hiss at Gregor, which Gregor finds totally horrifying and threatening. 

Pitilessly his father came on, hissing like a wild man. . . [and] at any minute the cane in his father's hand threatened to come down on his back or his head with a deadly blow.

His father forces Gregor back into his room, physically shoving him when he seems to get stuck in the door.

Find the volume of the function `y = e^(-x^2)` , from x=-1 to x=1, rotated around the line x = 5, using the method of shells.

The method of shells is based on breaking up the solid obtained by the revolution of the curve into thin cylindrical shells, and integrating the surface area of the shells to obtain the volume of the solid. 

The general formula for the shell method is

`V = int 2pirhdr`

where r is the radius and h is the height of the shells.

Since the revolution of the function `y = e^(-x^2)`

 in this example occurs around...

The method of shells is based on breaking up the solid obtained by the revolution of the curve into thin cylindrical shells, and integrating the surface area of the shells to obtain the volume of the solid. 

The general formula for the shell method is

`V = int 2pirhdr`

where r is the radius and h is the height of the shells.

Since the revolution of the function `y = e^(-x^2)`

 in this example occurs around vertical line x = 5, this line will be the axis of the cylindrical shells, which passes through the center of the base of the cylinders. Then, the radius of each shell is r = 5 - x, the distance between the center (at x = 5) and the x-coordinate. Since the given curve is bounded by the points with the x-coordinates -1 and 1, the bounds of the integral will be -1 and 1.

The height of the each cylinder is the y-coordinate of each point on the function:

`h = y = e^(-x^2)` ` `

Therefore, the resultant volume will be equal to the integral

`V = int_(-1) ^1 2pi(5-x)e^(-x^2)dx`

This integral breaks up into two:

`V = 10piint_(-1) ^ 1 e^(-x^2) dx - 2piint_(-1) ^ 1 xe^(-x^2) dx`

The first integral can only be evaluated numerically. The second integral is 0 because it is an integral of an odd function will symmetrical bounds.

The value of `int_(-1) ^ 1 e^(-x^2)dx `

is approximately 0.683, so 

`V = 2pi*0.683 = 4.29`

The volume of revolution of the given function is approximately 4.29.

What similarities are there between the Jungle Book and Gaiman's Graveyard Book?

The Graveyard Book, by Neil Gaiman, and The Jungle Book, by Rudyard Kipling, are quite similar in their themes and character choices. Though one takes place in a graveyard (presumably the very one in Sussex which inspired Gaiman) and the other in the jungles of South Asia. In fact, Gaiman deliberately mirrored the title and content of Kipling's work because it is a story he enjoyed and wanted to transform in his characteristic spooky style.

...

The Graveyard Book, by Neil Gaiman, and The Jungle Book, by Rudyard Kipling, are quite similar in their themes and character choices. Though one takes place in a graveyard (presumably the very one in Sussex which inspired Gaiman) and the other in the jungles of South Asia. In fact, Gaiman deliberately mirrored the title and content of Kipling's work because it is a story he enjoyed and wanted to transform in his characteristic spooky style.

Both stories feature boys who are orphaned in early life but adopted into a surrogate family. For Mowgli, of The Jungle Book, his new family is more a pack of animals, including wolves, a bear, and a panther. For Bod, of The Graveyard Book, his surrogate family are the ghosts who dwell in the graveyard. In both stories, the boys are cared for and learn special skills from their new families. Though they do not live in human society, they learn to get on well enough. Both Bod and Mowgli do have some encounters with other humans and are apparently able to socialize in an appropriate way. 

The nature of the antagonist in both stories is very similar-- the fear that the one who orphaned the boys will return. Mowgli and his animal family are constantly evading the tiger Shere Khan, who is believed to have killed Mowgli's human family. For Bod, "the man Jack" has returned to hunt him down. In both, the protagonist overcomes their would-be killer. 

In the end, both Bod and Mowgli decide that they cannot live among their strange, surrogate families for ever. Bod's experiences at human school and brief friendships with other human children, as well as Mowgli's brief adoption into a human village, has shown them that there is more to life waiting for them. Even if it means giving up their supernatural or animal powers, both boys decide that their place is among other humans like them.

Isben believed that a “dramatist” should never answer questions, only ask them. What questions are asked? Does Isben, in fact, propose any...

Excellent question. If the job of a dramatist is to ask questions, and not to answer them, then Ibsen does precisely that in A Doll's House. 

In notes Ibsen wrote regarding the play in 1878, Ibsen states:

“A woman cannot be herself in contemporary society, it is an exclusively male society with laws drafted by men, and with counsel and judges who judge feminine conduct from the male point of view.”

This, we can definitely classify as Ibsen's central inquiry. This is the hypothesis that would be tested in his play. As any other inquiry, it begs for questions such as:

• To what point is that statement true? 


• What things happen that prevent women to be themselves in their society?

And, most importantly

• How are women judged, based on their actions?

In the play, Ibsen would have provided answers to these questions if he had taken sides. He did not.

Instead, he left it up to the audience to submit their final opinions. Indeed, A Doll's House caused a huge shock when it was first staged. Part of the shock was precisely that Ibsen did not judge, punish, condone, or condemn Nora's final choice of leaving her husband and children to fulfill the "duties" that she had "to herself" –– something unheard of in the 1870's. 

Ibsen simply illustrated for the audience very realistic images of how things were really happening in the traditional middle-class family dynamic. These images included the reality of a men-dominated society, the true roles of women in many middle-class families, the fixation of people with money (and the preoccupation of lacking it), and the reality of many marriages, in which women were simply taken for granted.

What the people made of what Ibsen showed them, that was up to them. Ibsen was not to decide for anyone whether what he was showing to them was educational, moral, or even appropriate. That was his job as a dramatist.

It is no wonder that, when the play was staged in Germany, the idea of Nora leaving was so radical that Ibsen was forced to write an alternative ending where Nora stays with her family. Ibsen called that "barbaric." His reaction to this says precisely what the quote in this question states:

The dramatist does not answer questions, merely asks them. 

If Ibsen had answered questions in his plays, a lot of things would have found closure, and a "final lesson" would have been "learned," for instance:

• Krogstad, a man who did bad things, would have suffered his karma, rather than find love to make him a better person: "Bad things happen to bad people."


• Christine would have found a perfect man to take care of her forever and not a broken man to "sort of fix" her sad life: "Good things happen to good people."


• Torvald would have rescued Nora from her distress, taught her a lesson on how to be a better wife, and would have forgiven her on the spot: "All men make wonderful husbands."


• Nora would have learned her "wifely lesson" and would have remained in the household, lesson learned, becoming a better mom and wife. "Women need  husbands to teach them about life."


• Dr. Rank would have recovered from his bad health because, after all, he is a doctor, so he deserves better- "Good things should happen to good people."

If you think about this, none of these things happen. In fact, nobody really finds any closure, and no real lessons are learned, except for Nora learning that she is a toy wife that has been quite mistreated. Hence, Ibsen most definitely poses points of conversation in his play, but he is not to answer anything: he is being a true dramatist. 

What is the most important thing that happens in The Outsiders in chapters 1–8?

I'm not sure if this question is asking for the single most important thing that happened in all of those chapters or is asking for an important thing that happened in each chapter. I'm going to choose an event from each chapter just to be safe.  

Chapter 1: This chapter is mainly an introduction to each gang member, but one important event that happens is Ponyboy almost getting beat up by the Socs.  

Chapter 2: I think this is the most important chapter in the book.  Ponyboy meets Cherry, and she helps Ponyboy begin seeing that Greasers and Socs aren't all that different from each other.  This chapter also has the flashback that explains what happened to Johnny when the Socs jumped him.  

Chapter 3: Darry hits Ponyboy.  This causes Ponyboy to run away with Johnny.

Chapter 4: Johnny kills Bob in order to save Ponyboy's life. This forces the two boys to flee and hide out in an old abandoned church. 

Chapter 5: Not much action happens in this chapter.  It's focused on Johnny and Ponyboy spending the better part of a week hiding out in the church.  Readers do find out at the end of the chapter that Cherry Valence is spying on the Socs for the Greasers. 

"Hey, I didn't tell you we got us a spy."

"A spy?" Johnny looked up from his banana split. "Who?"

"That good-lookin' broad I tried to pick up that night you killed the Soc. The redhead, Cherry what's-her-name."

Chapter 6: The church burns down, and Ponyboy and Johnny rescue some kids; however, Johnny is hurt during the rescue. 

Chapter 7: Randy comes to speak with Ponyboy.  Randy is amazed at what Pony and Johnny did, and Randy admits that he's tired of all of the fighting. The exchange is important because it's further evidence that the Greasers and Socs aren't that different.  

Chapter 8: I think probably the most important thing that happens in this chapter happens at the end.  It's when Ponyboy admits that he would help Cherry and Randy out.  They are no longer Soc enemies.  They are just people with problems that watch sunsets like him.  

I'd help her and Randy both, if I could. "Hey," I said suddenly, "can you see the sunset real good from the West Side?"

She blinked, startled, then smiled. "Real good."

"You can see it good from the East Side, too," I said quietly.

How does Wuthering Heights present the possibilities of women as heroic?

A hero is a person who others see as courageous or bold. In that sense, Catherine Earnshaw could be understood as heroic. She is fearless. She marries Edgar Linton, in large part, as she tells Nelly Dean, to try to save Heathcliff from degradation. After Heathcliff has gone away and mysteriously returns a gentleman, she does her best to pull him into her life. She is willing to defy Linton to protect Heathcliff. In the...

A hero is a person who others see as courageous or bold. In that sense, Catherine Earnshaw could be understood as heroic. She is fearless. She marries Edgar Linton, in large part, as she tells Nelly Dean, to try to save Heathcliff from degradation. After Heathcliff has gone away and mysteriously returns a gentleman, she does her best to pull him into her life. She is willing to defy Linton to protect Heathcliff. In the end, she chooses death rather than a life without Heathcliff. Despite her bouts of madness, she is courageous in death, facing it unflinchingly when she is reunited with Heathcliff for a last meeting. She states boldly that she does not belong in heaven. She believes her happiness will come if, after she dies, God throws her spirit out to wander her beloved moors. The novel relentlessly shows her as strong and fierce in contrast with the weaker Lintons, especially her weak, conventional husband. 

Her daughter Catherine and her sister-in-law Isabella show courage in the face of cruel, abusive marriages. Bronte depicts ways women can be courageous in the face of a patriarchy in which all the power in the social and economic system goes to men.

Does government play a role?

The government plays a role in facilitating the vicious cycle of poverty-based-evictions of tenants and insatiable profit-making-pursuits of landlords. For instance, federally funded housing assistance programs systematically deny poor families' access to assistance through their policies. If an individual has an eviction record, it significantly reduces their chances of receiving government housing assistance. Based on the poverty statistics on the ground, this means that only a minority of those in need qualify for such assistance.

...

The government plays a role in facilitating the vicious cycle of poverty-based-evictions of tenants and insatiable profit-making-pursuits of landlords. For instance, federally funded housing assistance programs systematically deny poor families' access to assistance through their policies. If an individual has an eviction record, it significantly reduces their chances of receiving government housing assistance. Based on the poverty statistics on the ground, this means that only a minority of those in need qualify for such assistance.

Also, the government’s rent regulations are wanting, leaving landlords an opportunity to exploit the poor. They charge as much rent as they please and yet the houses are in deplorable conditions. In addition, the government has done little in terms of policy to improve workers’ wages, further propagating the poverty-debt-profit cycle as workers end up spending almost all their income on rent.

What are some text-based examples of betrayal from Julius Caesar?

In the play, the main examples of betrayal stem from Cassius's betrayal of both Brutus and Caesar as well as Brutus's betrayal of Caesar himself.

In Act 1 Scene II, Cassius betrays Caesar by mocking his physical weaknesses in the hearing of a susceptible Brutus. Cassius relates how he had to carry Caesar out of the River Tiber after the latter tired during a swim.

...so from the waves of Tiber

Did I the tired...

In the play, the main examples of betrayal stem from Cassius's betrayal of both Brutus and Caesar as well as Brutus's betrayal of Caesar himself.

In Act 1 Scene II, Cassius betrays Caesar by mocking his physical weaknesses in the hearing of a susceptible Brutus. Cassius relates how he had to carry Caesar out of the River Tiber after the latter tired during a swim.

...so from the waves of Tiber

Did I the tired Caesar. And this man

Is now become a god, and Cassius is

A wretched creature and must bend his body

If Caesar carelessly but nod on him.

He had a fever when he was in Spain,

And when the fit was on him, I did mark

How he did shake. 'Tis true, this god did shake!...

Ye gods, it doth amaze me

A man of such a feeble temper should

So get the start of the majestic world

And bear the palm alone. (Act 1 Scene II)

Cassius's mockery of Caesar is a betrayal or act of disloyalty towards his fellow senator. His main goal is to ensnare Brutus in a scheme to remove the famous Roman general and senator from power.

Brutus and Caesar—what should be in that “Caesar”?

Why should that name be sounded more than yours?

Write them together, yours is as fair a name.

Sound them, it doth become the mouth as well. (Act 1 Scene II)

In using subterfuge to manipulate Brutus, Cassius is also betraying Brutus's trust in him as a friend. In fact, Cassius lies to Brutus about Caesar's supposed ambitions to be king. He slyly suggests that Caesar doesn't deserve the power that he seeks. Yet Caesar is not an overly ambitious man. In Act 1 Scene II, Casca tells Cassius that Caesar thrice rejected the crown that was offered to him. The following text further shows how Cassius means to betray both Brutus and Caesar:

If I were Brutus now and he were Cassius,

He should not humor me. I will this night,

In several hands, in at his windows throw,

As if they came from several citizens,

Writings all tending to the great opinion

That Rome holds of his name, wherein obscurely

Caesar’s ambition shall be glancèd at.

And after this let Caesar seat him sure,

For we will shake him, or worse days endure. (Act 1 Scene II)

Essentially, Cassius uses forged letters to deceive his trusting colleague. The wily conspirator's main objective is to betray Brutus to ignominy and Caesar to his death. One of the most famous lines exemplifying the ultimate betrayal comes from Act III Scene 1:

Et tu, Bruté?—Then fall, Caesar.

(dies)

Here, Brutus is the last to stab Caesar to death. It is the ultimate betrayal because Caesar considers Brutus a trusted friend. Later, Antony cleverly betrays Brutus's trust in him by using his oratorical skills to incite the crowd to violence. You will find evidence of Antony's clever use of apophasis in Act III Scene II, where he skillfully suggests that the conspirators should be implicated for their dishonorable actions against Caesar. Antony tells the crowd that he means to "bury Caesar, not to praise him." However, he volubly praises Caesar in his eulogy.

When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept.

Ambition should be made of sterner stuff.

Yet Brutus says he was ambitious,

And Brutus is an honorable man.

Throughout his speech, Antony continues to praise the "honorable" Brutus while implying that his actions are less than honorable. This is what we call apophasis, which is almost identical to praeteritio.

So, the above constitutes some good examples of betrayal in Julius Caesar.

Why does Montresor not like Fortunato?

The text is being narrated by Montresor himself, but the reader does not realize that until toward the end of the story.  Sadly though, Montresor never gives the reader any specifics about why he does not like Fortunato.  The opening lines of the story indicate that the two men are more than mere acquaintances.

THE THOUSAND INJURIES of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, . . .

A "thousand injuries" is likely hyperbole, but only using 10% of...

The text is being narrated by Montresor himself, but the reader does not realize that until toward the end of the story.  Sadly though, Montresor never gives the reader any specifics about why he does not like Fortunato.  The opening lines of the story indicate that the two men are more than mere acquaintances.

THE THOUSAND INJURIES of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, . . .

A "thousand injuries" is likely hyperbole, but only using 10% of that number is 100.  I have never been injured in any way 100 times by a mere acquaintance.  When the men meet during the festival, Montresor greets Fortunato in a very friendly manner, so it's clear that Fortunato doesn't consider Montresor an enemy.  

I said to him—“My dear Fortunato, you are luckily met. How remarkably well you are looking to-day. But I have received a pipe of what passes for Amontillado, and I have my doubts.”

Going back to the opening line, Montresor admits his reason for wanting to kill Fortunato.  

THE THOUSAND INJURIES of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, but when he ventured upon insult I vowed revenge.

Montresor apparently doesn't have any problems with being hurt 1000 times, but he takes grave offense to being insulted a single time.  That's why Montresor doesn't like Fortunato.  The reader never finds out what the insult was though.   

Based on the Preface, Introduction and chapters 1-4 of Ian Haney López's Dog Whistle Politics: How Coded Racial Appeals Have Reinvented...

The answer to this question can be found in Dog Whistle Politics' first chapter, "The GOP's Rise as 'the White Man's Party.'" Barry Goldwater was a Republican who, like George Wallace, saw the opportunity to harness the racist hostilities of the South to power his political ambitions. His political maneuvering as an Arizona senator helped drive the Republican Party to the far right, contributing to its transformation into the aforementioned "White Man's Party." 

As...

The answer to this question can be found in Dog Whistle Politics' first chapter, "The GOP's Rise as 'the White Man's Party.'" Barry Goldwater was a Republican who, like George Wallace, saw the opportunity to harness the racist hostilities of the South to power his political ambitions. His political maneuvering as an Arizona senator helped drive the Republican Party to the far right, contributing to its transformation into the aforementioned "White Man's Party." 

As López asserts in this chapter, Goldwater was "a walking embodiment of the Marlboro Man's disdain for the nanny state," while at the same time voting in favor of federal civil rights legislation in 1957 and 1960. His attitudes toward race quickly turned in 1961, when he realized that it was more beneficial to his career to "go hunting where the ducks are"; he began to leverage the division in racial politics of the parties, voting against the 1964 Civil Rights Act (which was otherwise supported by 90% of non-Southern senators) and claiming that he did so to protect "states' rights" and "freedom of association." 

Gaining steam, Goldwater decided to run for president in 1964 and used Wallace's "soft porn racism" techniques to further his campaign. Goldwater led a particularly theatrical campaign in the South, pandering to their racist sensibilities with a tableau of "seven hundred Alabama girls in long white gowns" and "a great field of white lilies" flanking the floor of the football stadium in Montgomery where he was to give a speech. Goldwater's mistake, however, was in railing against the New Deal, which had proved to be very popular in the South after the Great Depression had economically drained the region. This, combined with the fact that Goldwater was a Republican--a party which the South associated with Lincoln, the Confederate's loss in the Civil War, and the fight against segregation in schools--lost him some Southern votes.

Still, Goldwater did manage to pull through in the South. It was ultimately Goldwater's anti-welfare obsession that cost him the presidency, with voters outside of the South (in every state except Arizona) voting against him. Goldwater's foreign policy and militarism certainly didn't make him a more attractive candidate either. Thus, ended the "big-money/small-government conservatism" of the era with progressive governance rising to power. 

What were the interests of the humanists?

Humanism was an intellectual movement which is generally associated with the Italian Renaissance. Its emphasis was the humanistic arts as set forth by the classical Greeks and Romans. It did not, as most modern people assume, refer to a materialistic and non-theistic philosophical outlook. In fact, most of the Renaissance humanists were thoroughly Christian in their worldview, although they were more apt to criticize the Church than Christians in the middle ages.

As historian Peter...

Humanism was an intellectual movement which is generally associated with the Italian Renaissance. Its emphasis was the humanistic arts as set forth by the classical Greeks and Romans. It did not, as most modern people assume, refer to a materialistic and non-theistic philosophical outlook. In fact, most of the Renaissance humanists were thoroughly Christian in their worldview, although they were more apt to criticize the Church than Christians in the middle ages.

As historian Peter Partner explains in Renaissance Rome, Portrait of a Society 1500–1559:

Humanism was not an ideological programme but a body of literary knowledge and linguistic skill based on the "revival of good letters", which was a revival of a late-antique philology and grammar.

The humanists believed that medieval scholars had corrupted Latin and the other humanities (such as literature), so they sought to restore it to its original beauty by "purifying" it according to the way it was used by Cicero and other classical authors.

Similarly, the humanists adopted a policy of ad fontes ("back to the sources") in most humanistic disciplines. By this, they meant that one should emphasize the primary sources of classical antiquity rather than commentaries or re-tellings. This resulted in new and better translations of classical works (including the Bible). The pursuit of ad fontes was made possible by a number of discoveries of primary source texts.

Why did Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz write her reply to the Bishop of Puebla?

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648?–1695) was a well-educated Mexican woman who was renowned for her knowledge and literary ability. Seeking to further her knowledge, she entered a convent and remained there until her death. Her study of non-religious subjects made her a target of criticism in both political and religious circles.

In 1690, a person masquerading as "Sor Filotea de la Cruz," who was actually the Bishop of Puebla, Manuel Fernandez de Santa Cruz,...

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648?–1695) was a well-educated Mexican woman who was renowned for her knowledge and literary ability. Seeking to further her knowledge, she entered a convent and remained there until her death. Her study of non-religious subjects made her a target of criticism in both political and religious circles.

In 1690, a person masquerading as "Sor Filotea de la Cruz," who was actually the Bishop of Puebla, Manuel Fernandez de Santa Cruz, published, without Sor Juana's approval, a letter that she had written criticizing a sermon. Sor Filotea also took Sor Juana to task for the secular nature of her studies and reading. In her famous response, Sor Juana defended her right as a woman to gain an education and stated that her secular studies made her more able to understand the scriptures. Her scholarly and eloquent letter is regarded as among the first defenses of a woman's right to an education.

Discuss the role of Tybalt in Romeo and Juliet.

Tybalt is a hothead that Shakespeare uses as a catalyst to make things move faster.  Given that the entire play takes place in three days, some sort of catalyst was necessary.  Tybalt's character made the perfect vessel.

Tybalt is quick to react and embodies the very essence of machismo espoused by the culture.  The very first scene of the play shows us Tybalt's easily lit furor when he practically begs Benvolio to fight him simply...

Tybalt is a hothead that Shakespeare uses as a catalyst to make things move faster.  Given that the entire play takes place in three days, some sort of catalyst was necessary.  Tybalt's character made the perfect vessel.

Tybalt is quick to react and embodies the very essence of machismo espoused by the culture.  The very first scene of the play shows us Tybalt's easily lit furor when he practically begs Benvolio to fight him simply because other Montagues and Capulets are fighting.  Tybalt explains that he hates the word "peace" as he "hate(s) hell, all Montagues, and" Benvolio.  In Act 1, Scene 5, we find Tybalt being immediately offended at the presence of Romeo during a Capulet party.  He leaves to get his sword but is stopped by his uncle.  Tybalt than vows, "I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, / Now seeming sweet, convert to bitterest gall." This gets the ball moving, and Tybalt then sends a letter that essentially asks for a duel with Romeo.  However, Romeo has fallen in love with Tybalt's cousin. Before actually running into Tybalt, Romeo marries Juliet thus making him Tybalt's relative via marriage.  Romeo then refuses to fight Tybalt, which enflames Tybalt even more. When Mercutio stands in for Romeo, Tybalt slays him (though mainly because of Romeo's interference).  Tybalt is then killed by Romeo in revenge for Mercutio's death, and Romeo is banned from the city by the Prince, physically separating him from Juliet.

Without Tybalt, Romeo and Juliet may well have been able to carry on with their secret marriage until a time came that they could reveal what they had been doing. Tybalt's desire to kill Romeo makes sustaining the marriage an impossibility.

Discuss the perspective and message of the speakers in the following poems: "Let America Be America Again," "Open Letter to the South," "Theme for...

Langston Hughes examines several common themes throughout the four assigned poems. One of the predominant themes addressed in each of the poems is the oppression of the speaker. In each poem, the speaker appeals to the disenfranchised members of society and associates with their struggles. The speaker examines the perspective of exploited lower-class members of society such as immigrants, laborers, and African Americans. Hughes also addresses the differences between the marginalized members of society...

Langston Hughes examines several common themes throughout the four assigned poems. One of the predominant themes addressed in each of the poems is the oppression of the speaker. In each poem, the speaker appeals to the disenfranchised members of society and associates with their struggles. The speaker examines the perspective of exploited lower-class members of society such as immigrants, laborers, and African Americans. Hughes also addresses the differences between the marginalized members of society and the privileged members throughout the poems. The speaker juxtaposes the advantages of privileged Americans with the plight of the oppressed citizens.

Another common theme that Hughes examines throughout the selected poems is a call for social change. In each poem, Hughes encourages the marginalized members of society to fight for social change. Whether the speaker is encouraging his teacher to view race relations with a new perspective or calling disenfranchised members to challenge the current social structure, Hughes inspires the reader to enact social change.

The themes of unity and equality are also examined throughout the four assigned poems. The speaker illuminates and discusses the similar circumstances between African Americans, disenfranchised members of society, and white citizens. Hughes argues for equality and encourages all members of society to work together to achieve the American dream. The speaker appeals to common goals between citizens with different ethnic backgrounds and races in hopes of attaining equality, justice, and harmony. The speaker's desire to integrate into American society is also evident throughout each of the poems.

When was the period of the major achievements of Assyria?

The Assyrian Empire (c. 3000 BCE–c. 612 BCE) was one of the most formidable kingdoms of the ancient world. Their army was a force to be reckoned with, and their achievements in art and architecture were astounding. In particular, the Late- or Neo-Assyrian period (911 BCE–612 BCE) is considered the era of their greatest achievements. It must be noted that though this is considered a period of achievement, it is also marked by astonishing levels...

The Assyrian Empire (c. 3000 BCE–c. 612 BCE) was one of the most formidable kingdoms of the ancient world. Their army was a force to be reckoned with, and their achievements in art and architecture were astounding. In particular, the Late- or Neo-Assyrian period (911 BCE–612 BCE) is considered the era of their greatest achievements. It must be noted that though this is considered a period of achievement, it is also marked by astonishing levels of inhumanity and decimation of other peoples. The Assyrians had a deportation policy where they simply removed people from territories that the Assyrians coveted. This could not be accomplished without great military might and organization. In particular, their Iron Age armor is considered some of the best armor in the ancient world. Due to their military superiority, it took a combined force of the Persians, Babylonians, Scythians, and Medes to defeat the Assyrians at the Battle of Nineveh, which led to the fall of the great empire.

Why is it ambiguous to decide whether the shooting of Lennie is moral or immoral?

At the end of the novella, George takes Carlson's gun and shoots Lennie.  When he does this, he reader is left wondering whether George did something noble or ignoble, moral or immoral.  On the one hand, he killed someone.  He took the life of his friend. On the other hand, he might have spared his friend from greater suffering and death at the hands of an angry mob of men. 

In view of these points,...

At the end of the novella, George takes Carlson's gun and shoots Lennie.  When he does this, he reader is left wondering whether George did something noble or ignoble, moral or immoral.  On the one hand, he killed someone.  He took the life of his friend. On the other hand, he might have spared his friend from greater suffering and death at the hands of an angry mob of men. 

In view of these points, some would say that George did what was best.  He spared Lennie from an angry mob that would have killed him brutally.  So, he actually saved his friend from greater suffering.  In this sense, he acted compassionately and morally.

Others would say that George did not try to save his friend.  Perhaps he could make the men understand that the death of Curley's wife was an accident.  Candy suggests this route. Or he could have tried to run away with Lennie together.  

In the end, we don't know what would have happened.  Therefore, the act of George will always be debated. 

How does the novel end?

PaddyClarke Ha Ha Ha, a novel by Roddy Doyle, spans a year in the life of a young Irish boy. The book does not have a traditional plot structure but rather is told through a series of vignettes. 

Paddy (Patrick) is ten years old and the oldest son of the Clarke family living in a fictional part of north Dublin called Barrytown. As the book goes on, Paddy becomes less interested in friends and...

Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha, a novel by Roddy Doyle, spans a year in the life of a young Irish boy. The book does not have a traditional plot structure but rather is told through a series of vignettes. 

Paddy (Patrick) is ten years old and the oldest son of the Clarke family living in a fictional part of north Dublin called Barrytown. As the book goes on, Paddy becomes less interested in friends and causing trouble, and more concerned with his younger brother's wellbeing and the fact this his parents fight every night. For a while, Paddy cannot understand why his parents don't like each other anymore and hopes that he can find a way for the fighting to stop, but he realizes things can't go back to the way they were once his father hits his mother. In the end, Paddy's father leaves his family, and Paddy feels that he must be the man of the house.

`sum_(n=0)^oo n!(x/2)^n` Find the values of x for which the series converges.

For the power series `sum_(n=0)^oo n!(x/2)^n,` we may apply Ratio Test.

In Ratio test, we determine the limit as:

`lim_(n-gtoo)|a_(n+1)/a_n| = L`

or

`lim_(n-gtoo)|a_(n+1)*1/a_n| = L`

 Then ,we follow the conditions:

a) `L lt1` then the series converges absolutely

b) `Lgt1` then the series diverges

c) `L=1 ` or does not exist  then the test is inconclusive.The series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

The given power series `sum_(n=0)^oo n!(x/2)^n` has:

`a_n =n!(x/2)^n`

Then,

...

For the power series `sum_(n=0)^oo n!(x/2)^n,` we may apply Ratio Test.

In Ratio test, we determine the limit as:

`lim_(n-gtoo)|a_(n+1)/a_n| = L`

or

`lim_(n-gtoo)|a_(n+1)*1/a_n| = L`

 Then ,we follow the conditions:

a) `L lt1` then the series converges absolutely

b) `Lgt1` then the series diverges

c) `L=1 ` or does not exist  then the test is inconclusive.The series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

The given power series `sum_(n=0)^oo n!(x/2)^n` has:

`a_n =n!(x/2)^n`

Then,

`1/a_n=1/(n!)(2/x)^n`

       ` =1/(n!)(2^n/x^n)`

       ` =2^n/((n!)x^n)`

`a_(n+1) =(n+1)!(x/2)^(n+1)`

            ` = (n+1)(n!) x^(n+1)/2^(n+1)`

           ` = (n+1)(n!)(x^n*x)/(2^n*2)`

           ` =((n+1)(n!)*x^n*x)/(2^n*2))`

Applying the Ratio test on the power series, we set-up the limit as:

`lim_(n-gtoo) |((n+1)(n!)*x^n*x)/(2^n*2)*2^n/((n!)x^n)|`

Cancel out common factors: `x^n,` `n!` , and `2^n` .

`lim_(n-gtoo) |((n+1)x)/2|`

Evaluate the limit.

`lim_(n-gtoo) |((n+1)*x)/2| = |x/2|lim_(n-gtoo) |n+1|`

                            ` = |x/2|* oo`

                            ` = oo `       

The limit value `L= oo ` satisfies `Lgt 1` for all `x.`

Therefore,  the power series `sum_(n=0)^oo n!(x/2)^n`  diverges for all `x` .

There is no interval for convergence.

Note: The radius of convergence is `0` . The `x=0` satisfy the convergence at points where `n!(x/2)^n=0` .

What are six quotes in chapters 7–11 of To Kill a Mockingbird that show examples of marginalization?

To Kill a Mockingbird covers a wide spectrum of marginalization, including marginalization based on race, gender, social status, and association with other marginalized groups. Chapters 7–11 have examples of many different kinds of marginalization and reasons for that marginalization.

1. "Simply because we were licked a hundred years before we started is no reason for us not to try to win" (Chapter 9). This quote is from Atticus Finch and has to do with the fight against marginalization. He is pointing out that the system of marginalization is so ingrained in society that trying to fight that system is nearly impossible, but it is still important to fight for what is right.

2. "Why reasonable people go stark raving mad when anything involving a Negro comes up, is something I don't pretend to understand" (Chapter 9). This is another quote from Atticus Finch addressing the marginalization and prejudice against African Americans. This quote shows that racism and marginalization are so deeply ingrained in the system that even people who are reasonable in the rest of their lives have extreme reactions to issues that have to do with marginalized groups, in this case, African Americans.

3. "My folks said your daddy was a disgrace and that n****r oughta hang up from the water tank!" (Chapter 9). This quote is from Cecil Jacobs and is very telling about marginalization based on association. When Atticus agrees to defend Tom Robinson, both he and his family face backlash from the community because Atticus is daring to defend an African American against a white man. Even though Atticus and his family are not part of a marginalized group, their association with one is enough to marginalize them.

4. "You mean that little runt Grandma says stays with Miss Rachel every summer? . . . Grandma says he hasn't got a home . . . He just gets passed around from relative to relative, and Miss Rachel keeps him every summer" (Chapter 9). This quote is from Francis, Scout's cousin, in response to her declaring that she is going to marry Dill when they grow up. This is an example of marginalization based on social status; Dill is considered lesser because he doesn't have a permanent home or family unit. 

5. "What are you doing in those overalls? You should be in a dress and camisole, young lady! You'll grow up waiting on tables if someone doesn't change your ways!" (Chapter 11). This quote is from Mrs. Dubose, directed at Scout. Scout's tomboyish appearance is addressed multiple times in the novel, but this is one example of how she is judged and marginalized for her unladylike appearance. Mrs. Dubose essentially tells her that if she does not dress according to the standards of society for a lady, that she will grow up in a lesser social position (waiting tables).

6. " 'Scout,' said Atticus, 'n****r lover is just one of those terms that don't mean anything—like snot-nose. Its hard to explain—ignorant, trashy people use it when they think somebody's favoring negroes over and above themselves. It slipped into usage with some people like ourselves, when they want a common, ugly term to label somebody,"(Chapter 11). Atticus gives this speech to Scout following Scout telling Atticus what Cecil Jacobs said about him in the schoolyard. This goes further into marginalization by association and shows Scout that it doesn't matter what people say as long as they know that they are doing the right thing.

What year did the Cold War start?

While friction between the United States and the Soviet Union began shortly after the end of World War II, the Cold War itself is generally understood to have begun in 1947. This was the year that the United States made several moves that caused heightened tension with the Soviets. First, it began the Marshall  Plan,a program that gave massive amounts of aid to Western European countries to help them rebuild after the devastation of...

While friction between the United States and the Soviet Union began shortly after the end of World War II, the Cold War itself is generally understood to have begun in 1947. This was the year that the United States made several moves that caused heightened tension with the Soviets. First, it began the Marshall  Plan, a program that gave massive amounts of aid to Western European countries to help them rebuild after the devastation of the Second World War. This brought these countries firmly into the United States' sphere of influence. It was also the year that President Truman unveiled the Truman Doctrine, calling openly on Congress for aid to help fight the spread of communism. Truman specifically wanted funds to help keep communism out of Greece and Turkey. The Soviet Union obviously took the Truman Doctrine as a hostile move and reacted against it by solidifying its own control over Eastern European. It installed communist regimes throughout the region, which also increased tensions. 

http://news.morningstar.com/all/dow-jones/retail/20171106859/amazon-cuts-third-party-prices-wsj.aspx 1. Why do you think Amazon needs to cut...

Amazon has competed in the past on both price and convenience. It did so by favoring market share over profitability and constantly upgrading its logistics network. With a significant head start in online retailing, Amazon had the benefit of strong network effects and little direct competition from brick-and-mortar retailers. This is beginning to change as companies such as Walmart develop an increasingly sophisticated online presence.

Some advantages that third party sellers give Amazon are low...

Amazon has competed in the past on both price and convenience. It did so by favoring market share over profitability and constantly upgrading its logistics network. With a significant head start in online retailing, Amazon had the benefit of strong network effects and little direct competition from brick-and-mortar retailers. This is beginning to change as companies such as Walmart develop an increasingly sophisticated online presence.

Some advantages that third party sellers give Amazon are low overhead costs and increased product selection. However, this particular move by Amazon suggests that Amazon's strategy of focusing on market share risks being jeopardized if its third party sellers cannot compete on price. Increasingly sophisticated consumers may check prices at both Walmart and Amazon as well as other platforms online and buy from whichever offers the best deal. If one searches, for example, for a 12-sheet crosscut shredder online, one will get results from Amazon, Walmart, Office Depot, and other retailers. The shredders are similar, and the convenience of ordering is similar. Thus, Amazon must offer something beyond simply being a place where one can order office supplies online in order to compete effectively.

What this story suggests is that Amazon is concerned about competing on price over a full range of offerings, including third-party offerings. This is not a radical departure for Amazon, as it has historically emphasized market share over short-term profits in order to leverage the power of network effects. Its Prime features and increasing investment in Echo suggest that it continues to develop both convenience and pricing features, although this article is focused exclusively on the new pricing strategy. 

How did the second Industrial Revolution affect American society?

The Second Industrial Revolution began in the early 1870s and lasted up until World War I.  The First Industrial Revolution had produced mass manufacturing in factories.  Before the rise of factories, most goods had been made by hand.  Many were made by skilled artisans.  Greater technological advancements during the Second Industrial Revolution brought about rapid change.

New technologies allowed for efficient heating of steel.  Steel become an important building commodity.  Steel was used for the...

The Second Industrial Revolution began in the early 1870s and lasted up until World War I.  The First Industrial Revolution had produced mass manufacturing in factories.  Before the rise of factories, most goods had been made by hand.  Many were made by skilled artisans.  Greater technological advancements during the Second Industrial Revolution brought about rapid change.

New technologies allowed for efficient heating of steel.  Steel become an important building commodity.  Steel was used for the railroads that crisscrossed across the country, as well as new buildings like skyscrapers.  

Electricity was harnessed and the lightbulb was invented.  Oil was used as fuel before electricity became common.  Gasoline became fuel for automobiles, which were produced on modern assembly lines.  The rubber industry flourished as tires were needed for automobiles.

The telephone connected people who otherwise would have had to wait for letter delivery to communicate.  This new form of communication transformed the way information was spread.

American society was greatly impacted by the Second Industrial Revolution.  People could travel great distances in shorter spans of time due to railroad networks.  Electricity powered lights and eventually small appliances in homes.  Personal automobiles allowed people the freedom to travel whenever they wished.  Information was able to travel quickly through the telephone.  The world was transformed, and it started to resemble the society we live in today.

State what would happen when an incident ray is equal to 90 degrees.

If the incident ray is equal to 90 degrees, nothing would reflect off of the mirror. That would be the result because the incident ray is travelling parallel to the surface of the mirror.  

The angle of incidence is measured from the normal, and the normal extends perpendicular from the surface of the mirror.  The angle of incidence is measured from that line.  

I believe that the question might be incorrectly assuming that...

If the incident ray is equal to 90 degrees, nothing would reflect off of the mirror. That would be the result because the incident ray is travelling parallel to the surface of the mirror.  

The angle of incidence is measured from the normal, and the normal extends perpendicular from the surface of the mirror.  The angle of incidence is measured from that line.  

I believe that the question might be incorrectly assuming that the normal is 90 degrees instead of 0 degrees.  A line drawn straight up from the surface of the mirror could cause people to assume that the line represents 90 degrees.  Mirror rules are different.  The mirror itself is 90 degrees from the normal.  

The resulting reflection from an incoming ray of light can be explained using the law of reflection.  The law of reflection states that when a ray of light reflects off of a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.  For example, if the incident ray is at an angle of 37 degrees, then the reflected ray also has an angle of 37 degrees.  An incident ray of 0 degrees would reflect straight back at the same 0 degrees.  90 degrees wouldn't interact with the mirror at all.  

To whom does John call out to as his mother dies in Brave New World?

As his mother, Linda, dies, John calls out, "Oh, God, God, God..." and he repeats this to himself.

John realizes that Linda has died sooner than she normally would have because she has been taking excessive amounts of somaso that she could feel the state of euphoria which she used to feel when she was younger. She has also desired to ease herself from the judgment and the shame that she has felt in...

As his mother, Linda, dies, John calls out, "Oh, God, God, God..." and he repeats this to himself.

John realizes that Linda has died sooner than she normally would have because she has been taking excessive amounts of soma so that she could feel the state of euphoria which she used to feel when she was younger. She has also desired to ease herself from the judgment and the shame that she has felt in the presence of those of the New World to which she has returned. Indeed, the residents of this world have found Linda repulsive because they know that she has actually given birth the old natural way and, unlike others of the New World, she has aged and become fat.

Perhaps, too, John calls out to God because he realizes that his romantic idea of the New World has dissolved, and he perceives the tragic results of a society that desensitizes its citizenry to real human emotions and desires. At any rate, it is a tragic end for his mother who never knew the meaning of real love, real friendship, or real life.
John is also hurt when, before she dies, she mistakes him for Popé and not her son. He begins to despair, too, after his disappointing experience with Lenina in the previous chapter. 
"Oh, God, God, God..." John cries as his vision of a romanticized "brave new world" dissolves before him.

What is the view of Hispanics towards alcohol use disorder?

According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Hispanics, who now make up 17% of the American population and who are 50 million in number, overall drink less than non-Hispanic white people. For example, only 54.5% of Hispanic people over 18 had one drink in the last year, as compared to 70% of non-Hispanic whites. Hispanics have high rates of abstinence from alcohol (31.8%), compared...

According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Hispanics, who now make up 17% of the American population and who are 50 million in number, overall drink less than non-Hispanic white people. For example, only 54.5% of Hispanic people over 18 had one drink in the last year, as compared to 70% of non-Hispanic whites. Hispanics have high rates of abstinence from alcohol (31.8%), compared to non-Hispanic whites (of whom 15.5% are abstainers).However, those Hispanics who drink tend to drink more. 

Those Hispanics who are more acculturated into American society tend to drink more than other Hispanics, and Hispanic men tend to drink more than Hispanic women. In addition, Hispanic men who are born in the U.S. and who are not Protestant tend to have what the NIH reports is a "relaxed attitude" towards drinking. This attitude is predictive of being more likely to drink, drinking heavily, and having alcohol-related problems.

In addition, drinking patterns vary by the country where people came from; Puerto Rican men in the U.S. tend to drink more than Mexican men or Cuban men in the U.S., for example. The NIH reported that Puerto Ricans and Mexicans have a more permissive view of using alcohol. In addition, Puerto Ricans have the highest rate of poverty, which increases their risk of alcohol use disorder. On the other hand, Cuban-Americans have the lowest rate of alcohol use disorder among Hispanics (see the link to the journal article from Oxford University Press, below, and cited as a source). 

About 9.5% of Hispanics will develop alcohol dependence over their lifetimes, as compared to 13.8% of non-Hispanic whites. However, among Hispanics who develop alcohol dependence, 33% have recurring problems, as compared to 22.8% of whites with alcohol dependence. In addition, Hispanic men tend to develop liver problems at high rates than others. These problems could be caused or worsened by the fact that Hispanics do not tend to seek treatment for alcoholism. They are less likely to seek help than non-Hispanic whites are, and they are less likely to join Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). 

Source:

Incidence of Alcohol Use Disorders Among Hispanic Subgroups in the USA by Carlos F. Ríos-Bedoya, Diana Freile-Salinas DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agu032 549-556 First published online: 12 June 2014.

What were the failures of Louis XIV?

It would be best to categorize this question under "choices" in place of "failures" of Louis XIV. Louis did not trust the nobility in France due to the Fronde (1648–1653), which was a revolt of the nobles during the king’s minority (meaning he was not old enough to rule at this point). Once Louis XIV came of age and ruled in his own right, he set about rebuilding a small hunting chateau, which would later...

It would be best to categorize this question under "choices" in place of "failures" of Louis XIV. Louis did not trust the nobility in France due to the Fronde (1648–1653), which was a revolt of the nobles during the king’s minority (meaning he was not old enough to rule at this point). Once Louis XIV came of age and ruled in his own right, he set about rebuilding a small hunting chateau, which would later become known as the Palace of Versailles. This palace is one of the most luxuriant homes ever constructed. Louis XIV next moved his court from Paris to Versailles, roughly twelve miles away, and completely distracted his nobles by making them partake in his daily routine. From the second the king awoke each morning until he went to slept each night, his nobles had to be in attendance or they would lose the king’s favor and their place at court. At the same time, Louis XIV was draining the treasury of France by continually constructing Versailles into a palatial city dedicated to the sun god Apollo. The construction of Versailles was so expensive that it would be one of the main reasons that Louis XVI would be beheaded during the French Revolution. Versailles represented the opulence and overspending of the royal family during the eighteenth century. Today, Versailles is one of the major tourist attractions in France, so Louis XIV actually succeeded in creating a lasting legacy by constructing the palace, though the negative ramifications are much more profound.

How does one exhibit the capacity to integrate new culture-based knowledge into one's repertoire of theories and perspectives?

Especially with the recent political turbulence across Western Europe and in the United States tied to the issue of legal and illegal immigration, the question of integrating new culture-based knowledge into existing cultural frameworks is certainly timely. As the Netherlands, Germany and France all prepare for national elections and the United States has recently conducted an election during which immigration was among the more emotional subjects discussed, the problem of integrating the new into the old has been given new impetus. And, while the issue of Muslim assimilation into historically and traditionally non-Muslim societies is more fraught with emotion than most previous eras, the issue is not new. The United States, as it is daily pointed out, is a nation of immigrants, and some of the waves of immigration were hardly welcomed by the status quo establishments. In fact, the history of organized crime in America is closely tied to the cultural obstacles faced by Irish, Jewish, and Italian immigrants in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Each wave of immigrants confronted hostility and racial and/or religious discrimination to greater or lesser degrees. Each one, however, gradually assimilated and subsequent generations consider themselves Americans first and foremost.

Large migrations to American shores continued throughout the twentieth century, as Vietnamese and Laotians fleeing tyranny following the US withdrawal from Southeast Asia made their way here, followed by immigrants from Somalia, as well as the ongoing migrations from Mexico and Central America. Each has experienced challenges integrating into the Anglo-European culture that itself displaced the indigenous cultures that preceded the Spanish, British, and French explorers who settled North America. Note, here, though, how the Anglo-European migrants did not incorporate their cultures into that which already existed. Subsequent migrations did integrate.

So, the question at hand is how to "exhibit" or display the capacity to integrate new culture-based knowledge into existing models. By examining the dynamics involved in this nation's history of immigration and cultural assimilation, the answer to the question becomes fairly apparent. Integrating "new culture-based knowledge" implies precisely that: merging the new with the old in a manner that does not displace the latter but merely adds the former. Looking at American history offers a particularly instructive guide precisely because this is a nation of immigrants. Perhaps the more difficult challenge is that which confronts Western Europe today.

Whether the city is Paris, Amsterdam, Berlin, or London, the situation is largely the same. Each of these old, venerated cultures has witnessed a large influx of migrants from Islamic nations--migrants who, as most people do, cling to their own unique traditions and practices. The problems occur when the "new" cultures clash so dramatically with the "old." When the "new" includes practices anathema to the "old," conflict, including violent confrontations, are inevitable.

Exhibiting the capacity to integrate the new with the old has historically been a matter of displaying ways in which different waves of immigrants have incorporated their cultures into the broader national culture that existed. Especially in their earlier periods, ethnic groups formed their own, often insulated communities. "Chinatowns," "Little Italys," "Koreatowns," and other ethnically formed neighborhoods became staples of the cities in which they took root. They are identifiable sections of larger metropolises, but they are also integrated into those metropolises. Social histories of the United States and texts on human geography are replete with discussions of this phenomenon. Over time, perhaps one or two generations, these communities become a vital part of the larger culture contributing to and taking from it freely. Additionally, the integration is not seamless but inevitably will entail some degree of what is called "acculturation," in which the clashing or merging cultures form a single culture that exhibits characteristics of each but not all of either.

The sources linked-to below will provide additional insights into these demographic processes, and Chapter Two of Developments in the Theory and Practice of Citizenship (edited by Simon McMahon, 2012), "Universalizing Citizenship as Identity," by Francis Luong, is particularly instructive as well.

From Articles I–VII of the US Constitution, what are five examples of violations of popular sovereignty, political equality, political liberty,...

Breaches of the 1st Amendment would include the following: 

• The government adopting a national religion


• The government forcing you to practice a religion 


• The government preventing you from practicing your religion of choice, so long as no one is being injured and no laws are being violated


• The government preventing you from speaking your mind, so long as it isn't endangering those around you


• The government preventing you from peacefully assembling

Breaches of the 3rd Amendment would include the following: 

• The government, through an act of Congress or Executive action, mandating that you must allow soldiers to occupy your residence and feed them

Breaches of the 4th Amendment would include the following:

• The government (i.e. representatives of the government, police, etc.) taking your property or rummaging through your personal belongings without probable cause


• The government (i.e. representatives of the government, police, etc.) detaining you for no reason

Breaches of the 5th Amendment would include the following:

• The government making you give testimony that would hurt your own defense in a legal case


• The government retrying you for a case where you've already been found innocent


• The government taking your things without going through a legal process to do so


• The government taking your things for public use without compensating you for the seizure

What role does myth play in Rip Van Winkle?

"Rip Van Winkle" is a myth within a myth. A myth can be loosely described as a story with an element of the supernatural. Diedrich Knickerbocker is a fictional man who gathers stories from the locals in the Catskill Mountains. According to the fictional story, Knickerbocker is the man who recorded the myth of Rip Van Winkle. In his history, the spirits that Rip meets are claimed to be real. The myth of Rip Van...

"Rip Van Winkle" is a myth within a myth. A myth can be loosely described as a story with an element of the supernatural. Diedrich Knickerbocker is a fictional man who gathers stories from the locals in the Catskill Mountains. According to the fictional story, Knickerbocker is the man who recorded the myth of Rip Van Winkle. In his history, the spirits that Rip meets are claimed to be real. The myth of Rip Van Winkle involves the title character coming across ghosts of ancient explorers in the mountains.

According to the myth, Rip Van Winkle goes into the mountains on an autumn day.  He comes across a lone man and follows him. This man is carrying a heavy keg:

His dress was of the antique Dutch fashion—a cloth jerkin strapped around the waist—several pair of breeches, the outer one of ample volume, decorated with rows of buttons down the sides, and bunches at the knees. He bore on his shoulders a stout keg, that seemed full of liquor, and made signs for Rip to approach and assist him with the load ("Rip Van Winkle").

Rip follows the man and helps him. He soon discovers more strangely dressed men. They are drinking and playing ninepins. Rip falls asleep and wakes up after twenty years. He eventually discovers that the men had been the spirits of Hendrick (Henry) Hudson and his crew. According to the legend, they appear every twenty years to play ninepins and drink.

Was Beowulf a typical epic hero?

Beowulf, the main character of the Old English poem Beowulf, fulfills many, but not quite all, of the usual characteristics of the epic hero.

Most importantly, he exhibits the qualities esteemed by his culture. When Beowulf was composed, England was primarily an Anglo-Saxon area. The Anglo-Saxon culture was significantly influenced by warfare. This warrior-based culture fostered values like courage and loyalty, both traits that Beowulf possessed in abundance.

Epic heroes often battle supernatural enemies,...

Beowulf, the main character of the Old English poem Beowulf, fulfills many, but not quite all, of the usual characteristics of the epic hero.

Most importantly, he exhibits the qualities esteemed by his culture. When Beowulf was composed, England was primarily an Anglo-Saxon area. The Anglo-Saxon culture was significantly influenced by warfare. This warrior-based culture fostered values like courage and loyalty, both traits that Beowulf possessed in abundance.

Epic heroes often battle supernatural enemies, as Beowulf did with Grendel, Grendel's mother, and finally the dragon that terrorized his kingdom.

A long and dangerous voyage is also a hallmark of the epic hero's experience. We don't really see a lot of this in Beowulf, although his journey to and from Hrothgar's kingdom is briefly referred to.

Epic heroes often have a noble birth. While Beowulf is not born to a king, and is therefore not a prince, he is related to the Geat king Higlac. When Higlac dies in battle, Beowulf ascends to the Geat throne.

Some sort of exceptional ability is often attributed to the epic hero. Beowulf is probably the strongest warrior in the world. He can defeat Grendel single-handedly. He kills sea monsters by himself. He even battles a dragon as an old man.

The one characteristic of the epic hero that Beowulf most certainly does not possess is humility. In terms of our modern sensibilities, Beowulf looks like an arrogant braggart as boasts of his many feats of bravery and strength. However, he is telling the truth—he really is capable of doing all the things he says he can do and has done.

Taken as a whole, Beowulf is an epic hero, even if he does not meet all the criteria. Even Odysseus, the star of the Greek epic The Odyssey, was known to blow his horn about his exploits from time to time.

What were the complaints against the king of England in the Declaration of Independence?

Here are some complaints about the king in the Declaration of Independence:

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.

Translation: The king has refused to pass certain laws that would benefit the citizens of the colonies.

He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.

Translation: The Governors of the Colonies cannot pass emergency laws to address emergency situations, because all laws must go through the king himself.

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.

Translation: He is making colonial legislatures travel great distances to spitefully make extra work for the lawmakers and to pressure them into giving him what he wanted in the first place.

He has obstructed the Administration of Justice by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.

Translation: He has refused to allow the colonies to develop their own court systems for enforcement of their own laws.

He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.

He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil Power.

For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us.

Translation: Without our agreement, he has created large armies, prevented us from controlling those armies, and forced us to find housing for those armies.

For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:

This one needs no translation, but it's a very important one!

He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.

Translation: He has tried to rile up our enemies on the continent, including our own rebels and the Native American tribes.

There are quite a few more; take a look at the text itself for the long list.

Is Flannery O'Connor criticizing Christianity?

I don't think O'Connor is criticizing Christianity so much as she is criticizing Christians like the grandmother. The grandmother places so much importance on acting and dressing like a "lady" and laments the lack of "good men"; but how does she define "good"? It seems that she is addressing a particular social class of individuals, specifically, white men.

For real Christians who live their faith, however, what makes a good man? A good man is...

I don't think O'Connor is criticizing Christianity so much as she is criticizing Christians like the grandmother. The grandmother places so much importance on acting and dressing like a "lady" and laments the lack of "good men"; but how does she define "good"? It seems that she is addressing a particular social class of individuals, specifically, white men.

For real Christians who live their faith, however, what makes a good man? A good man is one who is honest and trustworthy, who is generous and merciful, who is kind and caring. Class, race, wealth: none of these things have anything to do with being truly good.

Perhaps, if people like the grandmother focused more on being truly good rather than upholding some antiquated notion of gentility that relies on racism and sexism for cultural legibility, then people like the Misfit—individuals who will never check the "right" boxes to qualify as "a good man" by the grandmother's definition—will not be devalued and exploited by society. I won't say that she deserved what she got in the end. However, she did finally come to realize the connection between her and someone like the Misfit, instead of continuing to view him as so different from her.

`(dr)/(ds) = 0.75r` Find the general solution of the differential equation

The general solution of a differential equation in a form of  can be evaluated using direct integration. The derivative of y denoted as `y'` can be written as `(dy)/(dx)` then `y'= f(x) ` can be expressed as `(dy)/(dx)= f(x)`

For the problem `(dr)/(ds)=0.75r` , we may apply variable separable differential equation in which we set it up as `f(y) dy= f(x) dx` .

Then,`(dr)/(ds)=0.75r` can be rearrange into `(dr)/r=0.75 ds` .

Applying direct integration on both sides:

`int...

The general solution of a differential equation in a form of  can be evaluated using direct integration. The derivative of y denoted as `y'` can be written as `(dy)/(dx)` then `y'= f(x) ` can be expressed as `(dy)/(dx)= f(x)`

For the problem `(dr)/(ds)=0.75r` , we may apply variable separable differential equation in which we set it up as `f(y) dy= f(x) dx` .

Then,`(dr)/(ds)=0.75r` can be rearrange into `(dr)/r=0.75 ds` .

Applying direct integration on both sides:

`int (dr)/r= int 0.75 ds` .

For the left side, we apply the basic integration formula for logarithm: `int (du)/u = ln|u|+C`

`int (dr) /r = ln|r|`

For the right side, we may apply the basic integration property: `int c*f(x)dx= c int f(x) dx` .

`int 0.75 ds=0.75int ds` .

Then the indefinite integral will be:

`0.75int ds= 0.75s+C`

Combining the results for the general solution of differential equation: 

`ln|r|=0.75s+C`

 `r= Ce^(0.75s)`

A piece of iron at 215 deg C and a 20 kg piece of copper at 140 deg C are placed in 25 kg of water at 10 deg C. At thermal equilibrium, the...

When the warmer objects (pieces of iron and copper) are placed in contact with the colder object (water), there will be a transfer of heat so that the iron and copper will cool off and the water will heat up. 

According to the law of the conservation of energy,

`Q_(hot) + Q_(cold) = 0` .

Here,

`Q_(hot)` is the heat leaving the warmer objects (it will have a negative value), and

`Q_(cold)` is the heat acquired by the...

When the warmer objects (pieces of iron and copper) are placed in contact with the colder object (water), there will be a transfer of heat so that the iron and copper will cool off and the water will heat up. 

According to the law of the conservation of energy,

`Q_(hot) + Q_(cold) = 0` .

Here,

`Q_(hot)` is the heat leaving the warmer objects (it will have a negative value), and

`Q_(cold)` is the heat acquired by the colder object as the result.

In this case,

`Q_(hot) = c_im_i(T_e - T_(ii)) + c_cm_c(T_e-T_(ic))`

and `Q_(cold) = c_wm_w(T_e-T_(iw))`

Here, c's denote the specific heat of iron, copper and water, m's denote the masses and `T_i`

 - initial temperature of the objects.

 `T_e`

is the equilibrium temperature.

Plugging in the values for given quantities (masses are in kilograms), and the table values for specific heat (in J/(kg*C)), we get

`448*m_i*(40-215) + 387*20*(40-140) + 4186*25*(40-10) = 0`

From here,

`-78400*m_i - 774000+3139500 = 0 `

Solving for the mass of iron results in

`m_i = 30.17` kg 

The mass of iron is 30.17 kilograms.

Why does Vera lie in the open window?

Vera's an inveterate teller of tales. We find this out in the very last line of the story:

"Romance at short notice was her speciality."

She doesn't just spin a yarn to poor old Framton Nuttel; she also tells her family a likely story to explain Framton's sudden, terrified departure. Clearly, Vera likes telling stories and the attention it brings her. She proves herself to be very good at acting, whether it's in the role...

Vera's an inveterate teller of tales. We find this out in the very last line of the story:

"Romance at short notice was her speciality."

She doesn't just spin a yarn to poor old Framton Nuttel; she also tells her family a likely story to explain Framton's sudden, terrified departure. Clearly, Vera likes telling stories and the attention it brings her. She proves herself to be very good at acting, whether it's in the role of a demure young lady or as the terrified girl gripped with horror as she sees the three men returning from their day of shooting.

We should never forget that Vera's a fifteen year old girl. As such, she still has a huge sense of fun, if a tad immature, and is always looking for ways to enjoy herself. And putting one over on adults is something she obviously enjoys greatly. The question we need to ask ourselves, however, is if this is something she'll eventually grow out of, or whether it indicates that Vera has rather more sinister character traits.

John Calvin argued that earthly rulers have a commission from God to serve as his vicegerents; they are invested with divine authority, and they in...

A French theologian and leader of the Protestant Reformation, John Calvin believed in the sovereignty of God in all aspects of life. He contended that the state does not have the freedom to do as it may desire, because it falls under the rule of God’s law. Rulers, therefore, are directly responsible to God for their actions as they are invested with divine authority. "The ruler is under divine law in his relation to the sovereign God."...

A French theologian and leader of the Protestant Reformation, John Calvin believed in the sovereignty of God in all aspects of life. He contended that the state does not have the freedom to do as it may desire, because it falls under the rule of God’s law. Rulers, therefore, are directly responsible to God for their actions as they are invested with divine authority. "The ruler is under divine law in his relation to the sovereign God." In other words, Calvin claimed that there are no powers except those ordained by God.

Therefore, Calvin's contention is that even if the state has no Christian teachings, it still falls under the rule of God. Also, as Calvin asserted, even the "unregenerate" possess a sense of knowledge and justice that are essential to the government of any civilized society. After all, without a leader or a ruling body given the authority to enact and direct laws, as well as any enforcement of such laws, a society falls into anarchy. Therefore, "the natural law of justice and equity" is the foundation for all political governing. And Calvin held that "...any ruler is under divine law in his relation to the sovereign God."

Calvin's philosophy did indeed provide a foundation among later Calvinists for justifying resistance to tyranny after allegiances were moved from feudal loyalties to religious convictions following the Reformation. Civil government was now believed to be ordained by God with the purpose of cherishing and protecting the outward worship of God and preserving God's justice. Thus, there was reason for resistance to tyranny that existed when the tyrants demanded that which was contrary to God’s revealed will. 

`f(x)=coshx` Prove that the Maclaurin series for the function converges to the function for all x

Maclaurin series is a special case of Taylor series that is centered at c=0. The expansion of the function about 0 follows the formula:

`f(x)=sum_(n=0)^oo (f^n(0))/(n!) x^n`

 or

`f(x)= f(0)+(f'(0))/(1!)x+(f^2(0))/(2!)x^2+(f^3(0))/(3!)x^3+(f^4(0))/(4!)x^4 +(f^5(0))/(5!)x^5+...`

To determine the Maclaurin series for the given function `f(x)=cosh(x)` , we may apply the formula for Maclaurin series.

To list `f^n(x),`  we may follow the derivative formula for hyperbolic trigonometric functions:  `d/(dx) cosh(x) = sinh(x)` and 

`d/(dx) sinh(x) = cosh(x). `

`f(x) =cosh(x) `

`f'(x) = d/(dx) cosh(x)= sinh(x) `

`f^2(x) = d/(dx) sinh(x)= cosh(x)`

`f^3(x) = d/(dx) cosh(x)= sinh(x)`

`f^4(x) = d/(dx) sinh(x)=cosh(x) `

`f^5(x) = d/(dx) cosh(x)=sinh(x)`

`f^6(x) = d/(dx) sinh(x)=cosh(x)`

Note: When n= even then `f^n(x)=cosh(x)`.

When n= odd then `f^n(x)=sinh(x)`.

Plug-in `x=0` on each `f^n(x)` , we get:

`f'(0) =cosh(0)=1`

`f'(0) =sinh(0)=0`

`f^2(0) =cosh(0)=1`

`f^3(0) =sinh(0)=0`

`f^4(0) =cosh(0)=1`

 `f^5(0) =sinh(0)=0`

 `f^6(0) =cosh(0)=1`

Plug-in the values on the formula for Maclaurin series, we get:

`sum_(n=0)^oo (f^n(0))/(n!) x^n`

`= 1+0/(1!)x+1/(2!)x^2+0/(3!)x^3+1/(4!)x^4 +0/(5!)x^5+1/(6!)x^6+ ...`

`=1+0+1/(2!)x^2+0+1/(4!)x^4+0+1/(6!)x^6+ ...`

`=1+/(2!)x^2+1/(4!)x^4+1/(6!)x^6+ ...`

`=sum_(n=0)^oo x^(2n)/((2n)!)`

The Maclaurin series is `sum_(n=0)^oo x^(2n)/((2n)!)` for the function `f(x)=cosh(x)` .

To determine the interval of convergence for the Maclaurin series: `sum_(n=0)^oo x^(2n)/((2n)!)` , we may apply Ratio Test.  

In Ratio test, we determine the limit as: `lim_(n-gtoo)|a_(n+1)/a_n| = L` .

The series converges absolutely when it satisfies `Llt1` .

In the Maclaurin series: `sum_(n=0)^oo x^(2n)/((2n)!)` , we have:

`a_n=x^(2n)/((2n)!)`

Then,

`1/a_n=((2n)!)/x^(2n)`

`a_(n+1)=x^(2(n+1))/(2(n+1)!)`

           `=x^(2n+2)/((2n+2)!)`

           `=(x^(2n)*x^2)/((2n+2)(2n+1)((2n)!))`

Applying the Ratio test, we set-up the limit as:

`lim_(n-gtoo)|a_(n+1)/a_n|=lim_(n-gtoo)|a_(n+1)*1/a_n|`

`=lim_(n-gtoo)|(x^(2n)*x^2)/((2n+2)(2n+1)((2n)!))*((2n)!)/x^(2n)|`

Cancel out common factors: `x^(2n)` and `(2n)!` .

`lim_(n-gtoo)|x^2/((2n+2)(2n+1))|`

Evaluate the limit.

`lim_(n-gtoo)|x^2/((2n+2)(2n+1))| = |x^2|lim_(n-gtoo)|1/((2n+2)(2n+1))|`

                                 `=|x^2|*1/oo`

                                `= |x^2|*0`

                                ` =0`

The `L=0` satisfies `Llt1` for all` x` . Thus, the Maclaurin series: `sum_(n=0)^oo x^(2n)/((2n)!)` is absolutely converges for all `x` .

Interval of convergence: -`ooltxltoo` .

Comment on the theme of tragedy in relation to Hamlet.

Your question can be interpreted two ways: Are you referring to how the concept of tragedy relates to Hamlet as a character, or how this same concept relates to the play The Tragedy of Hamlet? I will comment briefly on both.

The play itself can be definitively labeled as a revenge tragedy. I have included a link to ' excellent article on this topic, which outlines the characteristics of a revenge tragedy. Hamletliterally...

Your question can be interpreted two ways: Are you referring to how the concept of tragedy relates to Hamlet as a character, or how this same concept relates to the play The Tragedy of Hamlet? I will comment briefly on both.

The play itself can be definitively labeled as a revenge tragedy. I have included a link to ' excellent article on this topic, which outlines the characteristics of a revenge tragedy. Hamlet literally contains every single characteristic listed. The protagonist seeks revenge after receiving instruction from a ghost; he feigns madness; he is tortured by his own indecisiveness; he orchestrates The Mousetrap in an effort to reassure himself of Claudius's guilt; and he commits several grisly murders in plain view of the audience.

In reference to the protagonist himself, Hamlet clearly can be viewed as a tragic hero. Again, I have included links below to other Homework Help questions that address the characteristics of a tragic hero that Hamlet exhibits, such as his royal birth and his downfall due to a tragic flaw.

Both the play itself and the character of Hamlet are undeniably tragic from start to finish. So many of the instances of the play could be avoided by a single word or action at almost any point by so many different characters that the audience is left emotionally drained when, in the final scene, the only person left standing—Prince Fortinbras—is the only one who never hesitated.

What are some characteristics of Daniel and Rosh?

Daniel is a passionate, strong eighteen-year-old boy who joins Rosh's band after he flees his master, Amalek. Daniel is full of hate and bitterness directed towards the Romans after the death of his parents and vows to fight them for the rest of his life. Joel and Thacia's friendship gives Daniel hope, and he begins hearing Jesus preach. Daniel's attitude gradually begins to change, and he becomes more sympatheticto his sister's needs. Although...

Daniel is a passionate, strong eighteen-year-old boy who joins Rosh's band after he flees his master, Amalek. Daniel is full of hate and bitterness directed towards the Romans after the death of his parents and vows to fight them for the rest of his life. Joel and Thacia's friendship gives Daniel hope, and he begins hearing Jesus preach. Daniel's attitude gradually begins to change, and he becomes more sympathetic to his sister's needs. Although Daniel is still an intense individual, he displays his kind, caring nature towards his close friends and family. Daniel is essentially a pure soul who has suffered traumatic experiences throughout his life. At the end of the novel, Daniel finally lets go of his hate and bitterness after Jesus heals his sister.

Rosh is an equally intense character but does not display a caring nature like Daniel. Rosh is selfish and violent throughout the novel. He is a ruthless individual, and his only concern is benefiting from others. Although he is a cunning and respected leader, Daniel realizes that Rosh's plans are self-serving and refuses to be a member of his band anymore.

What lessonn does William Shakespeare offer to the addressee of “Sonnet 73”?

Shakespeare's Sonnet 73 suggests that through aging and death, we can and should appreciate what we have. The basic idea is that because we will lose our lives and our loved ones, and the seasons will change, we should try to love what we have while we still have it. 

In the first quatrain, the speaker says,

That time of year thou mayst in me behold

When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang

...

Shakespeare's Sonnet 73 suggests that through aging and death, we can and should appreciate what we have. The basic idea is that because we will lose our lives and our loved ones, and the seasons will change, we should try to love what we have while we still have it. 

In the first quatrain, the speaker says,

That time of year thou mayst in me behold

When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang

Upon those boughs which shake against the cold,

Bare ruin'd choirs, where late the sweet birds sang.

He is comparing his own life to the changing seasons in the first line: "That time of year thou mayst in me behold." This is the time when, like autumn, the leaves change colors and drop from the trees. The birds have left. Where there was once life, there is now a lack.

The second quatrain continues,

In me thou see'st the twilight of such day

As after sunset fadeth in the west,

Which by and by black night doth take away,

Death's second self, that seals up all in rest.

Here, the speaker compares himself to the end of a day, instead of the end of a season. He is like the "twilight" when the day is dying out and night is coming to take over. He refers to the night as "Death's second self," making the comparison even more explicit.

The third quatrain reads as follows:

In me thou see'st the glowing of such fire

That on the ashes of his youth doth lie,

As the death-bed whereon it must expire,

Consum'd with that which it was nourish'd by.

Here, he addresses another person directly with the use of "thou." The speaker is saying that "you" can see a similar dying process in the speaker himself, described through the metaphor of a waning fire. The very body that gave him life will soon be no more.

The poem ends the the couplet: 

This thou perceiv'st, which makes thy love more strong,

To love that well which thou must leave ere long.

Because you understand that the speaker is dying, you can increase your love. The fact that the speaker will not be alive much longer makes the you the speaker addressed. The implicit lesson is that we should appreciate what we have because one day all things and people we love will be gone. 

What point of view does Virginia Woolf use in "The New Dress"?

As a modernist author, Virginia Woolf experimented with literary form, and her use of point-of-view was no exception. In “The New Dress,” Woolf uses a third-person point of view. This point of view can be described as limited since we have access to the thoughts of the main character (Mabel) but not the other characters in the story. 

Woolf’s use of point-of-view, however, is much more complicated than the labels of "third-person" and "limited" might...

As a modernist author, Virginia Woolf experimented with literary form, and her use of point-of-view was no exception. In “The New Dress,” Woolf uses a third-person point of view. This point of view can be described as limited since we have access to the thoughts of the main character (Mabel) but not the other characters in the story. 

Woolf’s use of point-of-view, however, is much more complicated than the labels of "third-person" and "limited" might suggest. Woolf was known for her use of free indirect discourse, a narrative style that—although rooted in the third person—provides the degree of unmediated access to a character’s thoughts that we tend to associate with a first-person point of view. Consider the following passage in which Mabel’s own thoughts are presented through the narrator:

“But instead of looking fierce or tragic as Rose Shaw would have done—Rose would have looked like Boadicea—she looked foolish and self-conscious and simpered like a school girl and slouched across the room.”

This description provides us with a sense of Mabel’s own thoughts, and it does so in a stylistically noteworthy way: Woolf’s use of the em-dash draws attention to Mabel’s own thoughts, but it does so without presenting them as her own.

Throughout the story, we have access to Mabel’s own thoughts as they jump from one concern to another. Mabel is highly conscious of her own thought patterns, as she moves from reflections on the English Empire to Shakespeare to the people around her:

“She meant, or she tried to make herself think that she meant, that it was the picture and not her dress, that was old-fashioned.”

We learn not only what Mabel thinks but about her thought process itself. As the story progresses, her thoughts become increasingly fragmented:

“She would go to the London Library to-morrow. She would find some wonderful, helpful, astonishing book, quite by chance, a book by a clergyman, an American no one had ever heard of; or she would walk down the Strand and drop, accidentally, into a hall, where a miner was telling about the life in the pit, and suddenly she would become a new person.”

In these final moments of the story, we have access to Mabel’s stream of consciousness as she moves from highly detailed fantasy to fantasy; in these moments, time and space are replaced by Mabel’s unmediated thoughts.