How does Hester suffer in The Scarlet Letter?

First, Hester suffers because she cannot be with the man she loves, Reverend Dimmesdale.  She will not tell the ministers in town who her fellow sinner was, and Dimmesdale is too cowardly to confess his sin openly until the very end of the novel, right before he dies.  Second, Hester suffers as a result of her guilt.  She feels guilty about committing an act that turns her once peaceful and kindly husband, now called Chillingworth,...

First, Hester suffers because she cannot be with the man she loves, Reverend Dimmesdale.  She will not tell the ministers in town who her fellow sinner was, and Dimmesdale is too cowardly to confess his sin openly until the very end of the novel, right before he dies.  Second, Hester suffers as a result of her guilt.  She feels guilty about committing an act that turns her once peaceful and kindly husband, now called Chillingworth, into a devil hell-bent on revenge.  She also feels guilty about not telling Dimmesdale—at least, for a long time—that Chillingworth is her husband; she watches for years as Dimmesdale gets more and more sickly under Chillingworth's care, but she does not reveal his identity to Dimmesdale until they meet in the forest, some seven years after their initial "sin."  Third, Hester's daughter, Pearl, constantly does things that hurt Hester: she flings flowers at Hester's scarlet "A," and she dances each time she hits it; she also decorates her own breast with grass in the shape of an "A" and so forth.  Hester also knows that her own sin taints her daughter's life, and this causes her to suffer as well.

Who are the main characters in The Wednesday Wars?

The main character is Holling Hoodhood. He is a 7th grader at his school, and he happens to be the only Presbyterian at a school filled with either Catholic or Jewish students. He has a sister, but readers do not discover her name until very late in the novel. Her name is Heather, and she and Holling antagonize each other like a stereotypical brother and sister. She is older than Holling and tests the boundaries...

The main character is Holling Hoodhood. He is a 7th grader at his school, and he happens to be the only Presbyterian at a school filled with either Catholic or Jewish students. He has a sister, but readers do not discover her name until very late in the novel. Her name is Heather, and she and Holling antagonize each other like a stereotypical brother and sister. She is older than Holling and tests the boundaries with her parents repeatedly. She is more or less a developing hippie. Holling's parents are present in the novel, but not in any major way. Mrs. Hoodhood is a flat character that doesn't express her own wishes or desires. She goes along with whatever Mr. Hoodhood demands. Mr. Hoodhood is an architect and incredibly ambitious in that career. That ambition comes at a cost. He is not a great father figure to Holling or Heather. Although Mrs. Baker, Holling's English teacher, doesn't get along with Holling in the beginning of the novel, she winds up being a sort of surrogate parent to Holling. She does have a husband, but he is overseas fighting in the Vietnam War. Holling is not a super popular kid at school, but he does have three very close friends. They are Danny, Meryl Lee, and Doug. Doug's older brother is another major character in the book, and he is the school's bully.

What was one obstacle Thomas Jefferson overcame?

There are a few ways to view this question. Thomas Jefferson had some diplomatic obstacles he had to overcome as a President. He also had to deal with philosophical obstacles. I will share one example of each obstacle.

One philosophical obstacle dealt with the Louisiana Purchase. When Napoleon offered to sell all of the Louisiana Territory to the United States, we knew this was a great deal. However, President Jefferson hesitated to buy this land because...

There are a few ways to view this question. Thomas Jefferson had some diplomatic obstacles he had to overcome as a President. He also had to deal with philosophical obstacles. I will share one example of each obstacle.

One philosophical obstacle dealt with the Louisiana Purchase. When Napoleon offered to sell all of the Louisiana Territory to the United States, we knew this was a great deal. However, President Jefferson hesitated to buy this land because he believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution. The Constitution said nothing about the President buying land. He was persuaded to support the Louisiana Purchase. We bought the Louisiana Territory in 1803.

While he was President, Great Britain and France were at war. Both countries interfered with our trade. Thomas Jefferson didn’t want to go to war with either nation. As a result, he signed the Embargo Act. This law prevented the United States from trading with most countries. He believed if we didn’t trade, our ships wouldn’t be attacked. However, we needed to trade. This law did help keep us out of war at that time. However, it eventually had to be repealed because our economy depended on trade.

Thomas Jefferson had some obstacles to overcome while he was President.

Does Nick enjoy the afternoon at the New York apartment? Why or why not?

It would be fair to say that Nick does not enjoy his time at Tom's apartment in New York. He doesn't explicitly say so, but from his description of what happens, it's a fair assumption that he doesn't much care for the occasion. For one thing, there's something rather tawdry about Tom's place; not surprising when you consider it's his bolt-hole for conducting clandestine trysts with Myrtle Wilson.

The little social gathering encapsulates the deep...

It would be fair to say that Nick does not enjoy his time at Tom's apartment in New York. He doesn't explicitly say so, but from his description of what happens, it's a fair assumption that he doesn't much care for the occasion. For one thing, there's something rather tawdry about Tom's place; not surprising when you consider it's his bolt-hole for conducting clandestine trysts with Myrtle Wilson.

The little social gathering encapsulates the deep social gulf between Tom Buchanan and his mistress and her family. Myrtle is a new woman as soon as she puts on some glamorous clothes. She starts to behave like a duchess, showing off her rich lover to her sister and some friends, acting like she has it made. Drink only makes her worse; copious amounts of booze turn her into a female version of Tom, assuming his same air of social superiority.

Nick is caught in the middle of all this. He already knew that Tom wasn't a particularly pleasant guy, but when he casually almost breaks Myrtle's nose, it's still a shock to see just how brutal he can be.

How is Jane Eyre both a deeply religious and a deeply irreligious novel?

Jane Eyre both attacks the conventional religious hypocrisy of the Victorian era and depicts Jane as a deeply moral, feeling and upright person who is true to her Christian faith as she understands it. 

The novel depicts religious hypocrisy through the figure of Mr. Brocklehurst, surely one the more odious characters in English literature, who lives in warm, well-dressed, well-fed comfort while subjecting the girls at the Lowood School Jane attends to a harsh regime...

Jane Eyre both attacks the conventional religious hypocrisy of the Victorian era and depicts Jane as a deeply moral, feeling and upright person who is true to her Christian faith as she understands it. 

The novel depicts religious hypocrisy through the figure of Mr. Brocklehurst, surely one the more odious characters in English literature, who lives in warm, well-dressed, well-fed comfort while subjecting the girls at the Lowood School Jane attends to a harsh regime of hunger, cold and mortification of vanity through short hair and plain clothes, a regime meant to improve their souls. Jane experiences intense anger at the deprivations Mr. Brocklehurst forces the girls to endure for their spiritual salvation while apparently not feeling he or his family needs such moral improvement or suffering. Thus, the novel calls into the question conventional religious morality that allows the poor to be treated differently than the rich for "their own good." 

Jane loves the deeply religious Helen Burns, but Jane also rebels at Helen's long suffering patience in enduring hardship, unfair punishment and ultimately death at Lowood. The novel thus calls into question the limits of female submission in the name of Christianity. Jane's own heart burns with a far more rebellious flame than Helen's, one shocking to Victorian audiences in its desire for freedom. Likewise, while the adult Jane admires St. John, she cannot marry him despite his deep religious faith and missionary zeal, because she cannot accept his emotional coldness.

Though the novel rejects the kind of religious conventionality that can damage the human spirit, Jane remains morally upright. For example, she reacts with extreme distress and horror when she realizes that Rochester is trying to trick her into a bigamous marriage and when she finally understands that he has his insane wife hidden in the attic. She believes in the religious sanctity of the marriage bond and runs away rather than compromise her values. Further, although she cannot love everyone, Jane follows her conscience and tries as far as she can to treat all people with Christian love and fairness as well as she can: it is this moral strength of character that attracts Rochester despite her lack of good looks or high spirits.

Why are ideas of love, friendship, and marriage the subject of many Shakespearean sonnets, such as 30, 55, and 116?

Scholars believe that Shakespeare's sonnets were based on his personal relationships, namely with the Fair Youth (Sonnets 1-126), and, therefore, deal the subjects of love, friendship, and marriage.

Sonnet 30 addresses the Fair Youth, a young nobleman who Shakespeare was friends with and some believe was romantically involved with. The poem begins with a dejected tone, recalling when the speaker, presumably Shakespeare, remembers and cries for his deceased or lost friends. However, in the couplet he states that when he thinks of his "dear friend, all losses are restor'd and sorrows end" (13-14). Friendship is important enough to Shakespeare that it cheers him up.

Sonnet 55 is also presumably about the Fair Youth and Shakespeare's attempt to immortalize his friend in this sonnet after the youth has perished. In the couplet he states, "live in this, and dwell in lovers' eyes" (14) meaning that people in love, such as the youth and Shakespeare (either romantic or platonic love), will be able to read about him for centuries to come.

Finally, Sonnet 116, is about true love and the fact that it doesn't change according to circumstances outside of it. He begins the sonnet with, "Let me not to let me not to the marriage of true minds admit impediments" (1-2), which means that nothing should stop the joining of two people in love. The speaker also recognizes that people will change, but that this should not change true love. In real life, Shakespeare was getting older, so his looks were fading. He also knew that the Fair Youth would not be young and beautiful forever.  

How can I do an outline for "A Rose for Emily" by William Faulkner?

One of the challenges for constructing an outline for Faulkner's story, "A Rose for Emily" is the fact that the plot is not in linear order. Instead, the narrative moves backward and forward in time.

Since the plot is not in chronological order, time does not control the parts of the plot such as the exposition, problem, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Instead, the reader must take another approach toward ordering Faulkner's story's plot that is filled with flashbacks.

• Exposition 

This is the part of the plot that introduces the characters and their conflicts. The main character, Miss Emily Grierson, now dead, is introduced as

...a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town.

Problems are introduced in this exposition, which is a flashback. As Miss Emily lived in the past and was dominated by her Old South father, who acted as a patriarch. As an example of this, after her father's death, Colonel Sartoris paid Emily's taxes because he knew that she would not understand why she has to pay taxes when her father did not. Also, when she was visited by ladies who came to offer condolences after her father died, Emily informed them that "her father was not dead." After three days, ministers and doctors called on Miss Emily until she broke down and allowed her father to be buried. (This scene acts as foreshadowing.)

When a new generation of mayor and alderman came to rule the town, they did not recognize the old agreement of the Griersons with Colonel Sartoris. So, they called upon Miss Emily who sent them away, saying that the colonel paid her taxes. But, the Colonel had been dead for ten years. Nevertheless, Miss Emily

...vanquished them [the aldermen]...just as she had vanquished their fathers thirty years before about the smell.

• Rising Action

In Faulkner's narrative, the problem has been established as the New South conflicting with the Old South in which Emily yet dwells. Ironically, then, when Homer Barron, a Yankee, starts to drive Miss Emily around, the old families do not approve and Emily, who has lived in the past, now seems to act more progressively than the other residents.
Some time passes and the ladies of the town feel strongly now that Miss Emily's actions are a disgrace, so they contact relatives and ask them to call upon her to urge Emily to break from this man. But, the townspeople learn that Miss Emily has been to the jeweler's for a man's toilet set of comb and brush; also, she has bought a complete outfit of men's clothing.

Miss Emily purchases arsenic; shortly thereafter, Homer Barron is gone. Miss Emily, also, does not appear for some time. When a smell emanates from her property, the nearby residents complain to Judge Stevens. But, he says that he cannot "accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad." So, four men sprinkle lime around the base of her brickwork in the dead of night; they even break open a cellar door and sprinkle lime inside. As they sneak around, a light goes on in a window and Miss Emily is seen standing there.

• Falling Action

Except for a short while in which Miss Emily teaches china painting, her house remains closed and only the "Negro man" goes out and returns with groceries. Occasionally, the townspeople observe Miss Emily in one of the downstairs windows.

Thus she passed from generation to generation--dear, inescapable, impervious, tranquil, and perverse.

Finally, Miss Emily dies forty years after Homer's appearance in town. Her body is in one of the downstairs rooms. 
Emily Grierson's funeral is held and many attend. After the burial the townspeople enter the house and go upstairs to a room "which no one had seen in forty years." After breaking down the door, they find a room decorated for a bridal. On the dressing table lie tarnished items for a man's grooming and a collar and tie, "as if they had been just removed." The suit is carefully folded on a chair beneath which are two "mute shoes."

• Resolution

A cadaver lies in the bed, having rotted underneath a nightshirt. With horror, the witnesses of this bizarre scene notice on the second pillow "a long strand of iron-gray hair." 

What were two big reasons as to why Anti-federalists opposed the idea of the Constitution? What was promised to Anti-federalists to eventually sway...

The Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution because they thought it vested way too much power in the hands of the federal government. The American colonists had just fought a war against what they saw as British tyranny. The last thing they wanted to see was one kind of tyranny replaced by another. The American Revolution had been fought on the principles of radical republican liberty, which meant, among other things, limited government and the primacy of...

The Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution because they thought it vested way too much power in the hands of the federal government. The American colonists had just fought a war against what they saw as British tyranny. The last thing they wanted to see was one kind of tyranny replaced by another. The American Revolution had been fought on the principles of radical republican liberty, which meant, among other things, limited government and the primacy of states' rights. Both of these principles were thought by the Anti-Federalists to be undermined and threatened by the Constitution.

Anti-Federalist hostility to the Constitution was also based on economic grounds. The Anti-Federalists tended to represent agrarian interests and believed that the framers of the Constitution were too close to the banking and commercial sectors of the economy. They were concerned that the federal regulation of commerce would mean central government overriding the concerns of rural folk, who were, after all, the vast majority of the country at that time. Anti-Federalists looked upon their opponents as unashamed elitists concerned only with protecting the interests of a wealthy minority.

The very real concerns of the Anti-Federalists led to the passing of the Bill of Rights; in essence, this was a compromise on the part of the Federalists to try and reassure opponents of the Constitution. Anti-Federalists felt that not enough attention had been paid in the Constitution to the inalienable rights for which countless Americans had recently fought and died. Rights were implied, not explicitly set out. So they demanded, and eventually got, a formal guarantee of those rights, clearly enshrined in the Constitution as the Bill of Rights.

What are some literary devices in "The Lottery"?

Shirley Jackson uses imagery and irony throughout her short story "The Lottery."

The story opens with a strong imagery as the narrator describes the setting:

The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh warmth of a full-summer day; the flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly green.

By the end of the story, however, it's clear that Jackson intends for the quaint imagery to be read as ironic in contrast...

Shirley Jackson uses imagery and irony throughout her short story "The Lottery."

The story opens with a strong imagery as the narrator describes the setting:

The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh warmth of a full-summer day; the flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly green.

By the end of the story, however, it's clear that Jackson intends for the quaint imagery to be read as ironic in contrast with the horror of the brutal murder of Mrs. Hutchinson, which tainted that beautiful day with blood. 

In another instance, Jackson portrays this day as some sort of summer holiday. In retrospect, the children gathering up stones should seem disturbing, but Jackson's inclusion of the girls standing "aside, talking over their shoulders at the boys, and the very small children" who "rolled in the dust or clung to the hands of their older brother and sisters" provide an innocence to this scene. Again, the bloody ending makes this imagery ironic. 

Jackson includes this quaint and seemingly innocent setting in order to demonstrate that anyone at any time can commit awful acts of evil if their society demands it. This theme was particularly relevant when this story was written, just a few years after the end of World War II.

If you were standing on the South Pole at the time of the autumnal equinox, where would you expect the Sun to be at midday?

When the earth experiences the Spring or Autumnal Equinox, the sun is exactly above the equator. This means that the two hemispheres receive equal light, for example.

If the South Pole is at a 90 degree angle with the equator, and the sun is in line with the equator, then it would be correct to say that the sun will be positioned exactly upon the horizon. The sun would appear as a half circle bisected...

When the earth experiences the Spring or Autumnal Equinox, the sun is exactly above the equator. This means that the two hemispheres receive equal light, for example.

If the South Pole is at a 90 degree angle with the equator, and the sun is in line with the equator, then it would be correct to say that the sun will be positioned exactly upon the horizon. The sun would appear as a half circle bisected by the horizon line.

To say midday in reference to the South Pole is a bit strange. The South Pole is in every time zone simultaneously, and would therefore have no proper time. Instead, you would say that this even occurs exactly on the equinox, which is the moment the sun aligns with the equator. This is a time, not a day, and could be calculated exactly.

Will a rough surface have a greater or lesser sliding force and static friction compared to a smooth surface?

Friction is resisting force - a type of force that resists movement. The type of friction that resists movement between two objects in contact with each other is dry friction. There is dry friction between a book and a table, or the wheels of a car and the road.

Dry friction can be divided into two. Objects in contact against each other can be moving with respect to one another or stationary. When the objects are stationary, the friction between them is called static friction. Static friction resists movement. Imagine a box full of books on a floor. Initially, when you try to push the box, you struggle. This is because of the static friction between the box and the floor that resists the force you apply. Overcoming this, it becomes easier. Once the box starts to move, there is sliding friction. Sliding friction is the type of friction between objects moving relative to one another, and always opposes the acting force. Thus, it resists the movement as well as you push the box. 

Friction - whether static or sliding, or any other type of friction - depends on the type of material and the degree of contact between objects. In general, rougher surfaces tend to have higher coefficients of friction - which means they will tend to have higher sliding and static friction. Rough surfaces are surfaces that are highly uneven - maybe because of parts of it sticking out, or just scratched surface. These increases the surface area of contact between two objects, and could contribute to an increase in friction. Imagine the box on a cemented floor. The cemented floor is rough and it will be hard to either start pushing the box or continue pushing it. This is true when compared to pushing the box on an ice rink - where friction is lower and hence, the task is easier.

While this is the general case, it is not always true. For instance, two glasses are very hard to slide against each other. This is because of adhesion between the molecules. There is a point where when two objects are really smooth, friction increases due to adhesion. In general, however, smoother surfaces have less friction, while rough surfaces have greater friction.

What effect does the setting have on Fahrenheit 451?

Good question!

Setting affects Fahrenheit 451 in several different ways, all of which are important.

The first of these is that the novel is set in the future. This aspect of the setting is essential for the novel, since it is a warning about a possible (horrible) future, one Bradbury clearly wants readers to avoid. Many of the technological advances described in the novel were just getting started when Bradbury published his classic novel.

The...

Good question!

Setting affects Fahrenheit 451 in several different ways, all of which are important.

The first of these is that the novel is set in the future. This aspect of the setting is essential for the novel, since it is a warning about a possible (horrible) future, one Bradbury clearly wants readers to avoid. Many of the technological advances described in the novel were just getting started when Bradbury published his classic novel.

The second aspect of setting that affects the novel is the specific work setting of Guy Montag in the firehouse. It blends the fellowship of a friendly work environment with a traumatically alien reality: these firemen sit around playing cards waiting to burn books. They don't save lives. They kill animals there in the firehouse, for fun.

The third aspect of setting that plays a major role is domestic. The fires these men set are not in a public place, or some industrial setting, where they might seem natural, or at least acceptable. They invade people's homes in order to burn their books.

And the final aspect of setting playing a major role is nature. The smells of rain and plants Montag experiences with Clarisse are the intense opposite of the technologized home in which the Montags live.

What was Tommy's behavior like in "Gryphon"?

Tommy, the first-person narrator in the short story “Gryphon,” is a student in fourth grade. When his teacher, Mr. Hibler, catches a cold, the eccentric Miss Ferenczi is brought in as a substitute to teach the class. Miss Ferenczi is very different from the other teachers that the students have had, and her lesson plans blend fact and fiction in a way that mesmerizes the students. 

Tommy quickly begins to admire Miss Ferenczi, and he...

Tommy, the first-person narrator in the short story “Gryphon,” is a student in fourth grade. When his teacher, Mr. Hibler, catches a cold, the eccentric Miss Ferenczi is brought in as a substitute to teach the class. Miss Ferenczi is very different from the other teachers that the students have had, and her lesson plans blend fact and fiction in a way that mesmerizes the students. 

Tommy quickly begins to admire Miss Ferenczi, and he defends her half-truths to his classmate Carl Whiteside. While Tommy is one of the first students to be swayed by Miss Ferenczi’s eccentricities, the other students are also mesmerized when she returns the following day. Tommy attempts to imitate her, but Carl tells him that he should not and that he will only sound foolish in comparison.

Mr. Hibler returns and some time passes before Miss Ferenczi substitute teaches for the class again. When she does, she decides to perform tarot card readings. She tells one boy, Wayne Razmer, that he will die soon, and Wayne reports her to the principal. The principal fires Miss Ferenczi, and Tommy attacks Wayne, telling him that “she was right” and that he was “just scared.”

Tommy admires Miss Ferenczi throughout the story, and his behavior reflects this. He is perhaps attracted to her teaching style because it is so different from anything else he has seen in his rural life. We get the sense that his home life is mundane: while the story does not show us much of it, what we do see is Tommy being told to do chores. In comparison, Miss Ferenczi provides a sense of magic and fantasy through her griffin-like stories and lies.

Explain the historical significance of the Compromise of 1850, the Kansas Nebraska Act, and the secession of the South in particular.

The Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 were attempts to compromise on slavery during the period when the United States was expanding westward. However, the trend towards compromise was ultimately futile, as the Civil War broke out in 1861.

The Compromise of 1850 was an attempt to resolve the disputes that arose as a result of the Mexican-American War of 1846 to 1848. The compromise made California a free state (one...

The Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 were attempts to compromise on slavery during the period when the United States was expanding westward. However, the trend towards compromise was ultimately futile, as the Civil War broke out in 1861.

The Compromise of 1850 was an attempt to resolve the disputes that arose as a result of the Mexican-American War of 1846 to 1848. The compromise made California a free state (one that did not have slavery), while the Utah and New Mexico Territories were allowed to practice popular sovereignty, meaning that they could decide whether or not they wanted to permit slavery. The slave trade (but not slavery) was abolished in Washington, D.C., but there was a more forceful fugitive slave law that greatly angered abolitionists.

The Kansas Nebraska Act allowed people in those territories to decide whether or not they wanted to permit slavery. It effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise, which had disallowed slavery north of the 36-30 line of latitude. As a result of this act, pro-slavery and abolitionist forces clashed in the years before the Civil War, giving rise to the term "Bleeding Kansas." These compromises were ultimately ineffective because both sides of the slavery debate had become too heated to rely on compromises, and the South seceded after the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 (he assumed office in 1861). 

What are the similarities and differences between slaves of the Americas and convicts sent to Australia?

In both cases, the British Empire shipped thousands of people across the ocean by force and without their consent, where they ended up establishing a new population on a new continent. In both cases, the process was violent, oppressive, and dangerous to the people being transported.

But there are some vital differences between the two.

Perhaps the most important is how the people were selected.

Africans who were sold into slavery were chosen first of all for their race and skin color, and only secondarily as convicted criminals or prisoners of war (as these were the Africans that were most likely to be sold into slavery by the existing African societies).

Prisoners sent to Australia were all convicted criminals, most of them as far as we can tell given legally-valid trials in the British courts of law. (Whether these trials were fair or the laws they were based on were just is a more difficult question.) The Africans who were sold as slaves could have otherwise been free individuals; the Brits who were transported to Australia would have otherwise been imprisoned or executed in Britain.

Another key difference is what happened to them once they arrived.

Africans sold into slavery were immediately put to work, predominantly on plantations, given only the barest minimum of food and housing, and offered no pay and no chance of quitting or working anywhere else. Many were beaten. Families were forced apart and people were "bred"---that is to say, raped and their children sold---as if they were livestock animals.

Prisoners sent to Australia, on the other hand, were given surprisingly free rein; the British government apparently reasoned that once they were so far away, they could do no harm, so it was easier to simply leave them alone under minimal guard and supervision.

Many prisoners were made to work under poor conditions for low wages, but this was not so different from free workers at the time, and other prisoners even became wealthy and powerful in Australian society as business owners or political leaders. Most of the prisoners were separated from their families (as prisoners typically are), but not all; and the prisoners included both men and women, and many started new families upon arrival. Likewise, many of the soldiers sent to provide supervision brought their families along and started a new life in Australia.

Based on Chapter 4 of Management Principles for Health Professionals, can you help me write a 600-word paper describing my views of leadership and...

This is a somewhat complex assignment. The way you approach it will need to be based on your own experience in the field. An IT manager within the health care industry will need different skills and fill a different role than a nursing supervisor and an office manager in a small private practice will need different skills than a CEO of a hospital chain. As this assignment asks you to cover a fair range of topics, your first task might be to organize it.

You might introduce your paper with a paragraph about what you think makes a great leader. There is no right or wrong answer to this, as there are many different successful leadership styles. Some leaders are visionaries who lead by imagining a compelling idea of the future of health care while others are best at hiring and motivating skilled employees and supporting their visions. Some managers are very detail focused and others better at the big picture. Thus your first paragraph should focus on what you think is the most successful management style and one you most wish to emulate.

Your second paragraph might briefly describe your current responsibilities and the position you would like to have five years from now. After describing that briefly, you should show how the leadership style you most admire would help you be effective in that position. Address the types of expertise and daily supervisory skills you need (such as the ability to allocate staffing resources) and think about how you can go beyond just effective logistics to inspire and develop your staff.

As you work on this, you should take into account what sort of leadership style is most effective for what sort of staff. If you supervise highly trained experts such as doctors, you will be focused more on fostering their own creativity and expertise, but if you are supervising food preparation and delivery within a hospital, you may want a more authoritarian style, focusing on following strict protocols. 

What happens to Ichabod Crane after he leaves the Van Tassels' party in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"?

After Ichabod Crane departs from the Van Tassels' party, he encounters the Headless Horseman, the ghost of a galloping Hessian horseman whose head was blown off by a cannon-ball in the Revolutionary War. This apparition is seen off and on by the country folk as it hurries along in the night as though on the "wings of the wind," and it gives chase to the local schoolmaster, sending him away from the area.

Ichabod Crane is an established part of the community, as he engages in activities with the older boys after school who have older sisters or mothers who are good housewives and will invite him for dinner. Crane is also

an odd mixture of small shrewdness and simple credulity. His appetite for the marvellous, and his powers of digesting it, [a]re equally extraordinary; and both ha[ve] been increased by his residence in this spellbound region.

When Ichabod Crane, who teaches psalmody, is invited to the Van Tassel home by Katrina, one of his students, he is thrilled to think of the culinary delights he will be able to eat. In fact, the pedagogue's mouth begins to water at the sight of the bounty before him in the van Tassel mansion.

His rival for Katrina's wealth and affections is also a guest. Nevertheless, the opportunistic Crane does not despair because Brom Brummel is present and has been making quiet advances for some time to Katrina. Because Ichabod will not engage in any activity that will openly confront Brom, 

it left Brom no alternative but to draw upon the funds of rustic waggery in his disposition, and to play off boorish practical jokes upon his rival. 

On the night Ichabod enjoys the feast at the Van Tassels, the Yankee songmaster finds himself confronted with the sinister ghost of the Hessian warrior, which drives the superstitious songmaster out of Sleepy Hollow. As Ichabod tries to elude the horseman, the headless trooper throws his head at the songmaster, striking Crane in his own head. Crane falls to the ground as the "head" of the horseman, which is really a pumpkin, shatters on the earth. Thus, Ichabod Crane is defeated by the stalwart, athletic, and truly affection Dutchman, who is among the settlers.

What political and economic factors helped lead to the end of Reconstruction in 1877?

The end of Reconstruction was in part brought about by the disputed presidential election between Samuel Tilden, a Democrat, and Rutherford B. Hayes, a Republican, in 1876. The Electoral College did not produce a clear winner, as the votes of several states were contentious. Therefore, through an unwritten deal, the Democrats agreed to Hayes's ascension to the presidency in return for his promise to withdraw federal troops from the South, a practice which was deeply...

The end of Reconstruction was in part brought about by the disputed presidential election between Samuel Tilden, a Democrat, and Rutherford B. Hayes, a Republican, in 1876. The Electoral College did not produce a clear winner, as the votes of several states were contentious. Therefore, through an unwritten deal, the Democrats agreed to Hayes's ascension to the presidency in return for his promise to withdraw federal troops from the South, a practice which was deeply unpopular in the Democrat-controlled south. Therefore, there were political reasons for the end of Reconstruction. In addition, many Northerners felt that after the Congress had passed the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments (outlawing slavery, granting slaves citizenship, and granting all men the right to vote, respectively), the federal government had done all they could to help African Americans. 

In addition, the Panic of 1873, an economic downturn in the United States that persisted through the 1870s, caused Reconstruction to be less popular. The popular will turned against reconstructing the South and moved toward improving the economic health of the country. The will for the government to continue the program of Reconstruction no longer existed. 

In "The Farmer Refuted" by Alexander Hamilton, what is the most persuasive comment made? What would be another strong title for this text? How can...

There are many persuasive comments in "The Farmer Refuted." Perhaps among the most persuasive is Hamilton's defense of natural law, which he states in the following way:

"Hence, in a state of nature, no man had any moral power to deprive another of his life, limbs, property or liberty; nor the least authority to command, or exact obedience from him; except that which arose from the ties of consanguinity."

This means that man's right to life, liberty, and property come directly from God and cannot be taken away, even by the king. The only instance in which a person can revoke these rights is from a familial tie. Another strong title for this text might be "In Defense of Natural Law," as, in its essence, the document states that humans have inalienable rights, or rights that cannot be taken away and that are given to them by natural law. 

It can be presumed that Seabury called the Congress in Philadelphia illegal, as Hamilton writes, "You, Sir, triumph in the supposed illegality of this body; but, granting your supposition were true, it would be a matter of no real importance." Seabury, who wrote under the pseudonym Farmer, was the Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church in America. By contradicting Seabury, Hamilton showed that he was bold and unafraid to take on the powerful. Hamilton insisted that the Congress was legal because, as he wrote, "When human laws contradict or discountenance the means, which are necessary to preserve the essential rights of any society, they defeat the proper end of all laws, and so become null and void." That is, laws that go against natural rights of man do not need to be followed. Seabury's opinion was different in that he thought that the Congress convened in Philadelphia was illegal and that the British king was the ultimate authority who must be heeded in the colonies. 

Loyalists would have perceived Hamilton's treatise as traitorous, while those who supported the American Revolution (which broke out a year after Hamilton wrote this document) would have supported his argument. If you feel that the colonies had the right to disobey a king who went against their interests, then you might support Hamilton and feel that he responded to Seabury in an appropriate manner, using arguments that go back to Locke and Hobbes and the idea of the social contract. If you support this argument, you would also classify the Founding Fathers as heroes who believed in the social contract and therefore rebelled against a king who they felt had violated their natural rights. 

Important events foreshadow changes in the natural order of things. Discuss in detail at least three ways that the natural order of things is...

Harper Lee does several things to foreshadow the change Maycomb is going to experience through the dominant events, the trial of Tom Robinson and the attack of Jem and Scout.  Some of the devices Harper uses to foreshadow are more literary, while other events are more focused on the building of the story to a climactic end.

Here are a few literary examples and major events that foreshadow the upheaval that suspends the normal life...

Harper Lee does several things to foreshadow the change Maycomb is going to experience through the dominant events, the trial of Tom Robinson and the attack of Jem and Scout.  Some of the devices Harper uses to foreshadow are more literary, while other events are more focused on the building of the story to a climactic end.

Here are a few literary examples and major events that foreshadow the upheaval that suspends the normal life and times of Maycomb.

• The rabid dog.  The rabid dog, Tom Johnson, is a symbol of the disease that is infecting Maycomb.  He represents racism.  By having the event of the rabid dog come into town and by having Atticus shoot the dog, Lee is showing the possible change that will occur in Maycomb through the values associated with Atticus.


• The change in weather.  When the temperature plummets and snow falls in Maycomb, it signals and foreshadows a darker tone to the story.  No longer is To Kill a Mockingbird a story about children playing and wondering about the recluse, Boo Radley.  The novel becomes more serious with the arrest and trial of Tom Robinson.


• The fire at Miss Maudie’s.  Miss Maudie’s elegant, southern Victorian house symbolizes the Old South and the institutions of racism that dominate Maycomb.  Although Miss Maude is not a symbol of racism, the fire that destroys her home demonstrates the dying of the old ways of prejudice and racism.  Miss Maudie is happy that her house burns down, for she can live happier in a smaller home surrounded by her garden.  She can symbolically start a new life.


• The lynch mob.  The lynch mob represents the extent to which racism rules the citizens of Maycomb.  It also foreshadows the possible outcome of Tom Robinson’s trial.  Because racism is so embedded in Maycomb, the chance of Tom’s acquittal is pretty low.  The lynch mob foreshadows the tragic end of Tom Robinson and shows how the sleepy, dusty town of Maycomb will be changed forever. 

All of these events could also foreshadow the attack of Jem and Scout by Bob Ewell because as a result of Atticus’ stance to defend Tom Robinson, Ewell feels that he and Mayella have been disrespected causing him to seek revenge. 

The devices and events that unravel in the book show Harper Lee’s attempt to foreshadow the change in Maycomb to come. 

In "The Umbrella," what kind of woman is Madame Oreille?

In the story, Madame Oreille is a miserly woman. Her chief preoccupation in life is to save money, and she is a tyrant to her husband in this regard. Monsieur Oreille is hardly allowed to have any pocket money at all, and he lives in constant fear of his wife's shrewish temper.

Although Madame Oreille and her husband have no children and can live comfortably, Madame Oreille's fear of future want prevents her from fully...

In the story, Madame Oreille is a miserly woman. Her chief preoccupation in life is to save money, and she is a tyrant to her husband in this regard. Monsieur Oreille is hardly allowed to have any pocket money at all, and he lives in constant fear of his wife's shrewish temper.

Although Madame Oreille and her husband have no children and can live comfortably, Madame Oreille's fear of future want prevents her from fully enjoying her present circumstances. The author describes Madame Oreille as a "little woman of about forty, very active, rather hasty, wrinkled, very neat and tidy, and with a very short temper."

Madame Oreille's short temper is frequently trained on her husband. When Monsieur Oreille protests that he is tired of using the cheap and flimsy umbrella she bought to replace his old one, Madame Oreille becomes angry. She eventually buys him a new, more expensive one, albeit accompanied by a lecture that it will not be replaced in a hurry if his new one is ruined through carelessness on his part.

As time progresses, Monsieur Oreille's umbrella is soon mysteriously found to be burned in different places. As for his part, Monsieur Oreille cannot explain how the burns occurred. Madame Oreille, furious at her husband, refuses to replace the umbrella. There is a stalemate between the two until a family friend advises Madame Oreille to seek compensation from their fire insurance company.

Madame Oreille is reluctant to do so initially, but she soon relents. In the conversation between Madame Oreille and the insurance men, Madame Oreille is seen to be a calculating opportunist, who will resort to fabrications in order to save herself the expense of replacing a ruined umbrella; she is quite happy for her husband to have a newer, sturdier umbrella if someone else will foot the costs for what she considers a frivolous expense.

How does the structure (syntax, punctuation, sentence length and sentence variety) in the following passage from The Lord of the Flies contribute...

Before we talk about how to analyze this passage, it's appropriate to briefly discuss the atmosphere of the novel.  Additionally, in order to apply the passage to a theme, we need to discuss a theme that the passage helps illustrate.  

Atmosphere is a literary technique that authors use to give readers particular feelings.  Readers get those feelings from narrative details such as settings, backgrounds, objects, foreshadowing, etc.  While the novel starts out by presenting readers with a fairly idyllic tropical island, that atmosphere of calm paradise does not last long.  As the boys become afraid of the beast and more and more savage, the atmosphere of the novel becomes ominous, threatening, foreboding, and sinister.  

Those words are all fear-centered words, and I feel that fear is a major theme of the novel.  It's fear of the beast that motivates the boys to become obsessed with hunting it down and killing it; however, their fear eventually becomes more dangerous than the mythical beast.  The boys become afraid of each other; they fear standing up to Jack.  Once Simon figures out that the beast is in each of them, he learns to not only fear the other boys but perhaps even himself.  

Let's look at the passage now.  That passage comes from near the end of chapter 6.  Chapter 6 begins with Sam and Eric seeing something that scares them.  

Then as though they had but one terrified mind between them they scrambled away over the rocks and fled.

The two boys report back to Ralph and everybody else that they have seen the beast.  Naturally, Jack's reaction is to want to go hunt it down and kill it. After a bit of discussion, Jack, Ralph, and a few other boys head out to a section of the island called "the castle."  They assume that is where the beast must be.  

Once there, Ralph says that he should be the person to conduct the search for the beast.

Something deep in Ralph spoke for him.

“I’m chief. I’ll go. Don’t argue.”

He turned to the others.

“You. Hide here. Wait for me.”

Ralph heads out and gets to "the neck of land" where he is "surrounded on all sides by chasms of empty air."  This is where the passage in the question picks up.  The passage narrates what Ralph sees from his location.  In terms of narrative detail, the passage fits the book's overall ominous atmosphere and fear theme.  The first sentence tells readers that the lagoon is "troubled" and Jack "shuddered."  Those two words instantly put the reader on alert.  We do not get a happy, relaxed sensation from that opening sentence.  

The passage also describes the water's movement like a "stupendous creature."  Words like "sank," "whispering," "sucking," and "leviathan" all carry a connotation of evil, scary things happening.  The waters surrounding the island seem alive and evil.  They are ready to devour and destroy the island and all that are on it.  That's scary and ominous.

The sentence structure of this section helps to give this passage an overall ominous feel as well.  For the most part, the passage avoids simple sentences in favor of compound or complex sentences.  Normally, that kind of sentence structure lends itself to a smoother, flowing paragraph; however, the sentences in this paragraph are anything but smooth.  The paragraph has an interrupted and stuttering flow to it.  That's caused by the many commas in the paragraph as well as the semicolons and dashes.  Those punctuation marks force readers to pause, hesitate, and even stumble in their reading.  For example:

On the right hand was the lagoon, troubled by the open sea; and on the left—Ralph shuddered.

This sentence doesn't read quickly or smoothly, because the description of the lagoon comes after "lagoon."  It's like saying, "I saw a car, which also happened to be red" instead of just saying, "I saw a red car."  The constant interruption of flow heightens a reader's sense of foreboding because we simply aren't being allowed to easily move past this section.  We are forced to spend time in an ominous atmosphere.  

In another sentence, Golding uses repetition to build a tense atmosphere.  

Down, down, the waters went, whispering like the wind among the heads of the forest.

The repetition of "down" feels like a repeated hammer blow.  Ralph, and readers, get a real sense of the inevitable power of the water.  After trying to hunt down the beast and viewing this scene, it's no wonder that Ralph's palms are bathed in sweat. 

What do you think about the camel driver's philosophy of life in The Alchemist? What are the advantages and disadvantages of his perspective?

In chapter six of The Alchemist, the camel driver tells Santiago his story as the caravan crosses the Sahara. He had been a prosperous farmer and had even earned enough to make the Muslim's required pilgrimage to Mecca. He thought he had his life in order and that it would run smoothly until he died. Instead, one day the earth began to "tremble" and a Nile flood destroyed his trees. He had to become a...

In chapter six of The Alchemist, the camel driver tells Santiago his story as the caravan crosses the Sahara. He had been a prosperous farmer and had even earned enough to make the Muslim's required pilgrimage to Mecca. He thought he had his life in order and that it would run smoothly until he died. Instead, one day the earth began to "tremble" and a Nile flood destroyed his trees. He had to become a camel driver. However, rather than despair and grow bitter, the camel driver learned that he shouldn't be afraid of losing material possessions. He learned from Allah that he doesn't need to fear uncertainty as long as he is capable of making enough to meet his wants and needs. Further, he states the following:

"We are afraid of losing what we have, whether it's our life or our possessions and property. But this fear evaporates when we understand that our life stories and the history of the world were written by the same hand."

The advantage of this perspective is that the camel driver is not driven by fear. He has the confidence that he lives within a universe run by a higher power. He has peace of mind. I think it is a wise philosophy because it gives him freedom from anxiety and because he sees a larger picture than the merely material. The disadvantage is that he might lose the ambition to strive; he might become content to do less and be less in life than he otherwise might have.

A uniform line charge that has a linear charge density λ equal to 3.5 nC/m is on the x axis between x = 0 and x = 5.0 m. What is its total charge?...

First, use the definition of λ to find the total charge of the line of charge. Integrate the line of change along the axis to find electric field. The line of charge is positive, and since the point p also lies directly on the x-axis, the field will point entirely in the +x direction.

First, use the definition of λ to find the total charge of the line of charge. Integrate the line of change along the axis to find electric field. The line of charge is positive, and since the point p also lies directly on the x-axis, the field will point entirely in the +x direction.

Zarroff also says ”Instinct is no match for reason.” Again explain his meaning in your own words. Is he right? Is he wrong? Give evidence from...

During their initial dinner, General Zaroff tells Rainsford that he has become bored with hunting animals because he always gets his quarry. The general says that animals simply cannot compete with him because they have nothing but their physical abilities and instincts. General Zaroff then says, "Instinct is no match for reason" (Connell, 7). In my opinion, the general is absolutely correct in his belief that reason will overcome instinct every time. There are numerous...

During their initial dinner, General Zaroff tells Rainsford that he has become bored with hunting animals because he always gets his quarry. The general says that animals simply cannot compete with him because they have nothing but their physical abilities and instincts. General Zaroff then says, "Instinct is no match for reason" (Connell, 7). In my opinion, the general is absolutely correct in his belief that reason will overcome instinct every time. There are numerous examples in nature that support this claim, such as man's ability to conquer rough terrains, build structures in nearly uninhabitable locations, and capture or kill almost any species of animal. General Zaroff's claim can also be supported by the fact that man occupies the highest spot on the food chain. Humans are nowhere near as physically or instinctually gifted as animals yet have conquered almost every species on the planet because of our ability to reason. For example, a black rhino can weigh upwards of three thousand pounds and run up to thirty-five miles per hour, yet it is critically endangered because of over hunting. Despite its opposing physique and natural instincts, humans have hunted black rhinos to near extinction. The same can be said for the African elephant, Amur leopard, and Bengal tiger.

why does granger trust montag

In part 3, Montag asks Granger why he trusts him. In response, Granger says,

The look of you's enough. You haven't seen yourself in a mirror lately.

In other words, Granger trusts Montag because he can tell from Montag's physical appearance that, although he was once a fireman, his departure from the city was genuine. Granger knows, for example, that Montag had become a public enemy. The chase from the Mechanical Hound was real and...

In part 3, Montag asks Granger why he trusts him. In response, Granger says,

The look of you's enough. You haven't seen yourself in a mirror lately.

In other words, Granger trusts Montag because he can tell from Montag's physical appearance that, although he was once a fireman, his departure from the city was genuine. Granger knows, for example, that Montag had become a public enemy. The chase from the Mechanical Hound was real and Montag's life was in serious danger. Otherwise, why would a man allow himself to get into such a bad physical state?

In addition, Granger, perhaps trusts Montag because of his willingness to join the group. Having memorized the Book of Ecclesiastes, Montag demonstrates his commitment to destroying censorship and joining the book lovers as they wait for their moment to share the lost knowledge.

Granger, therefore, considers Montag to be an ally in this time of uncertainty.

What were the immediate consequences of the secession of South Carolina?

The secession of South Carolina in December 1860 led to a wave of Southern patriotism. When then-president James Buchanan did not send troops into South Carolina to restore order, other states in the deep South formed their own secession conventions in order to separate from the United States. Before Lincoln's inauguration in March 1861, Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, Mississippi, and Alabama would all secede from the Union. While not everyone in these states favored creating...

The secession of South Carolina in December 1860 led to a wave of Southern patriotism. When then-president James Buchanan did not send troops into South Carolina to restore order, other states in the deep South formed their own secession conventions in order to separate from the United States. Before Lincoln's inauguration in March 1861, Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, Mississippi, and Alabama would all secede from the Union. While not everyone in these states favored creating a new nation, those that did were quite vocal in their desire. They created the notion that the Confederate states were on the same moral plane as the American colonies who had resisted British rule in 1776.

Also in this time following South Carolina's motion to secede, the newly minted Confederate states made plans to start seizing federal property within their respective states. This made garrisons in the states quite uneasy and at places like Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie, they began to ask for more federal support and guidance.

What are some benefits of conducting an external analysis?

External analysis falls in the Opportunity and Threats (OT) part of the SWOT analysis. Strengths and Weaknesses are internal to the business while Opportunities and Threats are external to it. It is important for businesses to perform an external analysis because the information gathered would show if there exist opportunities for growth and expansion which they could exploit and reap the benefits. However, the same information may also show looming threats to the business, enabling...

External analysis falls in the Opportunity and Threats (OT) part of the SWOT analysis. Strengths and Weaknesses are internal to the business while Opportunities and Threats are external to it. It is important for businesses to perform an external analysis because the information gathered would show if there exist opportunities for growth and expansion which they could exploit and reap the benefits. However, the same information may also show looming threats to the business, enabling the firm to make necessary adjustments to prevent or reduce negative impacts to the business.

The (SWOT) analysis leads us to an evaluation of the specific external factors that are likely to present opportunities and/or threats by conducting a PESTEL analysis. PESTEL refers to Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal factors which are external and are likely to affect the business in one way or another. For instance, developments in technology may improve the efficiency of a business’ operations, leading to increased profits, or eliminate the business altogether leading to the firm’s collapse.

External analysis helps the business to forecast and predict changes in the market. It also helps the business to exploit opportunities and guard against threats.

How do you write a literary criticism of The Mill on the Floss? I don't know what to write about. We want to keep the essay confined to the story...

There are several different approaches you could take to the assignment. The key to writing a critical paper of this type is to focus on one very narrow topic you can investigate in depth.

A key to writing a good paper—and actually enjoying the experience—is to find some connection between your own interests and the novel. For example, if you are majoring in business or accounting, you might look at the economic role of the mill or the finances of the Tulliver family. You could analyze, from a business perspective, whether Mr. Tulliver was a competent manager. 

If you are majoring in engineering, you could write about whether Eliot's portrait of the mill was accurate and perhaps investigate how mills were built in the period, how they worked, or their importance to the economies and industries of small villages.

If you are interested in fashion, you could talk about the descriptions of the clothing of two or three characters in the story and what those descriptions tell us about them.

Another possibility would be to discuss Philip and the views of disability in the novel. You could contrast how different people respond to Philip or discuss the mechanisms Philip uses to cope with everyday life. 

If you enjoy boating or outdoor adventure, you might want to analyze the episode of Stephen and Maggie in the boat, looking at whether it is credible or contrived. 

Another possibility would be to discuss the ending and whether it is justified or contrived. One can argue that the ending is a way of emphasizing that Maggie has no place in England as it exists, and that there was no real space for an intelligent woman in her society (a feminist argument), or you could argue that the ending is too artificial and too easy, simply killing characters off rather than actually resolving the conflicts of the story. 

For a scholarly article, once you have narrowed your topic, you should visit your university library website and look for the MLA International Bibliography. This database includes links to hundreds of scholarly articles on this novel. You can look at the titles of the articles and their abstracts to find one relevant to your topic.

In Hatchet, what does Brian think about in the plane？How does he feel about this topic and why？

In the book Hatchet, thirteen-year old Brian Robeson is the only passenger on a tiny plane bound for the northern woods of Canada. At first, he thinks it’s interesting to be flying in the small plane, and stares at the control panel in wonder. The pilot gives him a great opportunity by letting him have control of the plane.  

Soon, however, Brian’s thoughts turn to his parents, who are getting a divorce. He feels...

In the book Hatchet, thirteen-year old Brian Robeson is the only passenger on a tiny plane bound for the northern woods of Canada. At first, he thinks it’s interesting to be flying in the small plane, and stares at the control panel in wonder. The pilot gives him a great opportunity by letting him have control of the plane.  

Soon, however, Brian’s thoughts turn to his parents, who are getting a divorce. He feels very angry at the lawyers, and pretty much at everybody, for trying to tell him how he’s supposed to feel and how the divorce will affect his life. Brian begins to think about something that he refers to as “the secret,” though we have no idea at this point what it is.

While thinking about these things, Brian feels as though he’s going to cry, but he attempts to hold his tears back. He’s ashamed and nervous about his feelings, and doesn’t want the pilot to see him crying. The thoughts of the divorce lead to thoughts of his parents, who are not in agreement about the whole thing, leading us to believe that Brian feels torn between them and split in two.

His father has no idea why his mother wants the divorce and is torn up about it, while his mother wants to comfort him. We learn that she’s unaware that Brian knows “the secret,” but we feel that it might have something to do with the divorce. There is a sense that Brian feels like he must protect both of his parents from the secret and the fact that he knows it. For a thirteen-year old boy, he is under an immense amount of pressure.

How is the relationship between Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde important to the theme of duality?

The relationship between Jekyll and Hyde is essential to developing the theme of duality in this work. There are several reasons for this.

First, there is the core relationship. These men change into one another. They are one another's secret identity, in a way. When one man is present, the other doesn't exist.

Jekyll indicates other, deeper elements of their relationship in the work's final chapter. In that chapter Jekyll says that he's always had...

The relationship between Jekyll and Hyde is essential to developing the theme of duality in this work. There are several reasons for this.

First, there is the core relationship. These men change into one another. They are one another's secret identity, in a way. When one man is present, the other doesn't exist.

Jekyll indicates other, deeper elements of their relationship in the work's final chapter. In that chapter Jekyll says that he's always had a divided self, and that through his research he has found that human nature is innately divided: we all have two selves, at least. (In that final chapter, Jekyll says there might be more selves.) So, the relationship between Jekyll and Hyde stands in for the duality in all mankind.

Another element is that the line between the two of them is not firm. It leaks. To be specific, Jekyll thinks he's been successful at dividing himself in two in a way that gives him complete control. He hasn't. At times he goes to sleep as Jekyll and wakes up as Hyde. This indicates that any duality is not absolute: what people repress or deny always comes back.

Does Bud imagination ever get him out of trouble

I'm going to support the argument that "no, Bud's imagination doesn't get him out of trouble."  Bud is a great character, and he is exceptionally street wise.  He's hopeful about finding his father, and he imagines a better life once his father is found; however, Bud is a realist when it comes to getting out of trouble. He has rules for this kind of thing that he has learned from experience.  He doesn't have to imagine how a particular person will respond.  Bud knows from experience.  Chapter 2 has good evidence of this.  Todd Amos has been antagonizing Bud, but Mrs. Amos doesn't believe a word that Bud says.  He absolutely wants out of the house, and he knows how to go about doing it.  Bud knows that if he begs to not go back to the orphanage, then that's exactly where he'll be sent.  

"If you give me another chance I promise I’ll do a whole lot better. Please don't call the Home, please don't send me back." Shucks, going back to the Home was just what I wanted to do, but I was being just like Brer Rabbit in one of the books Momma used to read to me at night when he yelled out, "Please, Brer Fox, don't throw me into the pricker patch, please, please!"

He follows up this plea with Rule 118.  It says to give adults something to take away from you that they believe is important to you but is actually unimportant.  That way they don't actually take away the thing that is important.  

If telling a lie to get out of trouble is what the question means by "imagination," then there is a specific instance when Bud tells a lie to get out of a minor set back.  Bud is on his way to Grand Rapids, and Lefty Lewis pulls over next to Bud.  Lefty wants to help Bud, but Bud doesn't know this.  In reality, Lefty wants to help Bud get home.  

The second thing I knew was that I couldn't tell this man about the Home or the Amoses. I wasn't about to let him take me back to either one of them.

The man said, "Where's home, Bud?"

If Bud truthfully answers the question, then he's right back where he started.  Bud quickly thinks of a lie that he believes will get Lefty to help him head west. Bud tells Lefty that he's from Grand Rapids.  Bud's hope is that Lefty will drive him there or put him on a bus that direction. 

Then another jolt of red pop must've pumped through my heart because my brain came up with a perfect lie.

"I ran away from Grand Rapids, sir."

See how perfect the lie was? Maybe this guy would feel sorry for me and put me on a bus to Grand Rapids and I wouldn't have to do any more doggone walking. He must have some money, anyone driving a car like this would have to be rich or at least know somebody who was rich.

The result is that Lefty does eventually take Bud to Grand Rapids.  

How did Rhea Silvia become pregnant if she was a vestal virgin? Did she have sex to conceive the twins?

Most historians, when studying the myth of Rhea Silvia, use as source the writings of the famous Roman historian, Titus Livius, more popularly known as Livy. He had written a monumental work on the history of Rome, and covered the period from its earliest legends before the traditional foundation in 753 BC through to the reign of Augustus when he (Livy) was still alive. Scholars have respected his version of early Roman history as being the most accurate.

Rhea Silvia was the mother of Romulus and Remus. The circumstances of their conception have been much debated, but Livy states in his account that Rhea was raped. She had been forced to become a vestal virgin and undertake a vow of celibacy for thirty years. This was done by her uncle Amulius, who seized the throne from her father, Numitor, and killed her brother to prevent him from being rightfully challenged by him or his heirs. Amulius was imprisoned.

In terms of the myth, Rhea Silvia fell pregnant after being violated by Mars and gave birth to the twins who would eventually establish Rome. Livy states, however, that she had been violated by a man, not by Mars. He assumed that her claim to have been raped by Mars was either a result of her imagination or because it was deemed less shameful for a vestal virgin to have committed such an offense with a god. Be that as it may, the punishment for such an act was death, and Amulius ordered that she be buried alive for breaking her vow of chastity.

In a number of myths, the river god, Tiber, took pity on Rhea Silvia and rescued her from Amulius's clutches. He later made her his wife, which promoted her status to that of a minor deity. 

Amulius had also instructed that Rhea's illegitimate twins, Romulus and Remus, be executed by exposure, but the servant who was to execute the sentence took pity on the two boys and set them adrift in a basket down the river Tiber. Their basket later got caught on the river bank, and they were rescued and weaned by a wolf. A shepherd and his wife later discovered them and raised them. As grown men they avenged their uncle's murder by killing Amulius and returning their grandfather, Numitor, to his rightful place on the throne.

Explain how Ichabod Crane is positive and comical on one hand and negative on the other.

In Irving's "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," Ichabod Crane can be seen as a comical character first because of his appearance: 

He was tall, but exceedingly lank, with narrow shoulders, long arms and legs, hands that dangled a mile out of his sleeves, feet that might have served for shovels, and his whole frame most loosely hung together. His head was small, and flat at top, with huge ears, large green glassy eyes, and a...

In Irving's "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," Ichabod Crane can be seen as a comical character first because of his appearance: 

He was tall, but exceedingly lank, with narrow shoulders, long arms and legs, hands that dangled a mile out of his sleeves, feet that might have served for shovels, and his whole frame most loosely hung together. His head was small, and flat at top, with huge ears, large green glassy eyes, and a long snipe nose, so that it looked like a weather-cock, perched upon his spindle neck, to tell which way the wind blew.

The narrator goes on to compare Ichabod Crane's appearance to that of a scarecrow, making his pursuit of the beautiful and wealthy Katrina Van Tassel seem ludicrous, especially when contrasted with his rival, Brom Bones, a young man "of Herculean frame" and athleticism.

It is also comical that a man as educated and intellectually gifted as Ichabod is so easily duped by Brom Bones into believing that the ghostly decapitated body of a Hessian soldier from the Revolutionary War stalks about at night and could harm him.  

What is negative about Ichabod Crane is his falseness, greed, and avarice.  He comes to Sleepy Hollow as a teacher, traditionally a "helping" profession. However, once he sees the bounty of Sleepy Hollow and the wealth of Katrina's family, he pursues her not for love, but for what he will gain from marriage into a wealthy family. He greedily helps himself to all the delicious and plentiful food his hosts offer, dreaming of the day he can abandon the schoolroom and be the master of a bountiful farm.

`int tan^5(2x)sec^4(2x) dx` Find the indefinite integral

`inttan^5(2x)sec^4(2x)dx`

Let's apply integral substitution:`u=2x`

`(du)=2dx`

`inttan^5(2x)sec^4(2x)dx=inttan^5(u)sec^4(u)(du)/2`

Take the constant out and rewrite the integral as,

`=1/2intsec^2(u)sec^2(u)tan^5(u)du`

Now use the trigonometric identity :`sec^2(x)=1+tan^2(x)`

`=1/2int(1+tan^2(u))sec^2(u)tan^5(u)du`

Again apply the integral substitution:`v=tan(u)`

`dv=sec^2(u)du`

`=1/2int(1+v^2)v^5dv`

`=1/2int(v^5+v^7)dv`

apply the sum rule and power rule,

`=1/2(intv^5dv+intv^7dv)`

`=1/2{(v^(5+1)/(5+1))+(v^(7+1)/(7+1))}`

`=1/2(v^6/6+v^8/8)`

substitute back `v=tan(u)` and  `u=2x`

`=1/2((tan^6(2x))/6+(tan^8(2x))/8)`

Add a constant C to the solution,

`=1/2(1/6tan^6(2x)+1/8tan^8(2x))+C`

`inttan^5(2x)sec^4(2x)dx`

Let's apply integral substitution:`u=2x`

`(du)=2dx`

`inttan^5(2x)sec^4(2x)dx=inttan^5(u)sec^4(u)(du)/2`

Take the constant out and rewrite the integral as,

`=1/2intsec^2(u)sec^2(u)tan^5(u)du`

Now use the trigonometric identity :`sec^2(x)=1+tan^2(x)`

`=1/2int(1+tan^2(u))sec^2(u)tan^5(u)du`

Again apply the integral substitution:`v=tan(u)`

`dv=sec^2(u)du`

`=1/2int(1+v^2)v^5dv`

`=1/2int(v^5+v^7)dv`

apply the sum rule and power rule,

`=1/2(intv^5dv+intv^7dv)`

`=1/2{(v^(5+1)/(5+1))+(v^(7+1)/(7+1))}`

`=1/2(v^6/6+v^8/8)`

substitute back `v=tan(u)` and  `u=2x`

`=1/2((tan^6(2x))/6+(tan^8(2x))/8)`

Add a constant C to the solution,

`=1/2(1/6tan^6(2x)+1/8tan^8(2x))+C`

How would you summarize the main points of the article "Police Mistakes of Law" by Wayne A. Logan?...

Wayne A. Logan addresses in this article what he sees as a problematic trend that threatens individuals’ constitutional rights—courts condoning police mistakes of law. These mistakes of law occur when police wrongly stop or arrest someone based on incorrect legal understanding. Logan cites as a major concern that when courts excuse these mistakes of law, the exclusionary rule cannot be applied. This means that courts may permit evidence secured as a result of mistakes of...

Wayne A. Logan addresses in this article what he sees as a problematic trend that threatens individuals’ constitutional rights—courts condoning police mistakes of law. These mistakes of law occur when police wrongly stop or arrest someone based on incorrect legal understanding. Logan cites as a major concern that when courts excuse these mistakes of law, the exclusionary rule cannot be applied. This means that courts may permit evidence secured as a result of mistakes of law. This evidence often supports prosecutions of unrelated, more serious offenses, typically relating to guns or drugs. Logan argues for courts to return to what has historically been their no-excuse position of condemning police mistakes of law. The article seeks to bring attention to the significant role police play, not just as enforcers, but as interpreters of law.

Part I discusses two categories of police mistakes, constitutional and substantive law errors. Logan focuses on the latter, specifically in the context of police search and seizure authority. Part II argues that the justice system should incentivize police knowledge of the law, rather than indulging or excusing “reasonable” mistakes of law. Part III further examines negative consequences of courts deferring to incorrect police interpretations of law, including the violation of separation of powers because police, in effect, become lawmakers, rather than law enforcers. Part IV suggests as a solution improved police training in substantive law.

In A Gathering of Old Men, which of the characters do you like best and least and why?

One of the most admirable characters in the novel is Candy. Though she is described as "small, not more than five two, and thin as a dime" (page 16), she is a strong person who is committed to helping others. Right after Beau Boutan is found dead on Mathu's lawn, Candy tries to take the blame. She says, "I won't let them touch my people" (page 17). She protects Mathu, an African-American man, as a...

One of the most admirable characters in the novel is Candy. Though she is described as "small, not more than five two, and thin as a dime" (page 16), she is a strong person who is committed to helping others. Right after Beau Boutan is found dead on Mathu's lawn, Candy tries to take the blame. She says, "I won't let them touch my people" (page 17). She protects Mathu, an African-American man, as a white woman, and she summons other men to arrive at Mathu's house with twelve-gauge shotguns and number five shells so they can confuse the sheriff about who actually committed the murder. She risks her life and imprisonment to protect Mathu and others in the community.

One of the least likable characters is Fix Boutan, Beau's father. Snookum says he "expects to hear Fix and his drove coming in them trucks with them guns any minute now" (page 11). People expect Fix to turn to vigilante justice and start shooting people before the sheriff even has time to investigate. Candy says of Fix, "In case you have forgotten what Fix has done to these people, maybe [Janey] can remind you" (page 19). Fix is a malicious person who brutalizes African-American people and is one of the least likable characters in the novel.

I am a Brazilian student. Where do I find "DOG DAYS" and "THE DUNGEON MASTER" by Sam Lipsyte in the Portuguese language?

Sam Lipsyte is an American short story writer and novelist whose work often reflects a dark sense of humor and quick-witted dialogue. His story "The Dungeon Master" can be found in his most recent collection, entitled The Fun Parts, which was published in 2013 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux (although it was originally published in The New Yorker in 2010). As the title of the story may suggest, the narrative follows a group of friends...

Sam Lipsyte is an American short story writer and novelist whose work often reflects a dark sense of humor and quick-witted dialogue. His story "The Dungeon Master" can be found in his most recent collection, entitled The Fun Parts, which was published in 2013 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux (although it was originally published in The New Yorker in 2010). As the title of the story may suggest, the narrative follows a group of friends who play Dungeons and Dragons and the fight that ensues between the titular Dungeon Master and the fourteen year-old narrator. Unfortunately, The Fun Parts has only been translated into Italian (as La Parte Divergent), and no Portuguese translations of the book exist. 

"Dog Days," however, is not a short story that was written by Lipsyte; rather, it is authored by Judy Budnitz as part of her 1998 collection Flying Leap. The story follows the dissolution of human civilization that one family faces over the course of a year and the strange arrival of a human dressed in a dog costume on their doorstep. Unfortunately, this collection is also not available in Portuguese, having only been translated from English into German, Dutch, and Japanese. 

Your best bet would, thus, be to talk to your teacher about locating someone fluent in both Portuguese and English who could translate both stories for you since neither are available in the language you desire! Best of luck! 

What are the literary and stylistic devices used in the last forty lines of "The Tell-Tale Heart" and their effect on the reader?

As a master of the short story, Edgar Allan Poe skillfully employs several stylistic devices in "The Tell-Tale Heart."

In a literary critique that can be found in the study guide to the story, the author notes the effect of Poe's style:

The subjectivism of this story, the confusion of the line between reader and character within the narrative and the use of language support the claim that Poe prefigures and indeed develops many of...

As a master of the short story, Edgar Allan Poe skillfully employs several stylistic devices in "The Tell-Tale Heart."

In a literary critique that can be found in the study guide to the story, the author notes the effect of Poe's style:

The subjectivism of this story, the confusion of the line between reader and character within the narrative and the use of language support the claim that Poe prefigures and indeed develops many of the tropes usually associated with more recent fiction.

In the last five paragraphs (assuming these are the forty lines used in reference), the police knock on the narrator's door, having been sent to search the premises. The first of these paragraphs has the repetition of the subject pronoun I. That the speaker begins these sentences with himself as the subject indicates his arrogance and his attitude of superiority. He is confident that the police will not suspect him of any wrongdoing. Also, the repetitive use of the same subject speeds the reading of this paragraph, thus contributing to the heightened emotion—"the wild audacity of my perfect triumph," as the narrator describes his crime.

Again in the next paragraph, there is the staccato pace of the previous one with shortened sentences having no connecting words between them. These short sentences promote the impression that the narrator is very agitated, as they generate a tense mood. Further, the repetition of such words as distinct/distinctness, and ringing and chatted, which are also onomatopoeic, suggest that the narrator is becoming more mentally disturbed by a sound that he hears. Clearly, the pace and tone of these paragraphs generate suspense in the reader. This repetition of words continues in the following paragraphs, and the lines move swiftly with Poe's use of alliteration, such as the repetition of /s/—"I swore! I swung . . . sitting"—and /l/—"louder—louder—louder!" The repetition of short exclamatory sentences heightens the emotional intensity of the sentences as well. And, as the speaker becomes more and more agitated, his sentences are reduced to two or three words. At this point, the reader anticipates a climactic moment. And yet, the reader is surprised by the narrator's sudden confession.

An undergraduate engineering student, Ann, wants to secure a prestigious internship with company C in the summer before her senior year. Ann...

One would be safe to conclude that Immanuel Kant would have disapproved of Ann’s actions. By meticulously cultivating a relationship with Beth over a period of time solely for the purpose of securing an important internship and then, upon failing to secure said internship, precipitously and rudely terminating all vestiges of that relationship, Ann violated Kant’s “categorical imperative” regarding human relations.

In his Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant addresses the definition of...

One would be safe to conclude that Immanuel Kant would have disapproved of Ann’s actions. By meticulously cultivating a relationship with Beth over a period of time solely for the purpose of securing an important internship and then, upon failing to secure said internship, precipitously and rudely terminating all vestiges of that relationship, Ann violated Kant’s “categorical imperative” regarding human relations.

In his Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant addresses the definition of morality and how it should, optimally, constitute the rules under which humans interact. In one of this treatise’s most frequently cited rules, the late German philosopher wrote, “Act so that you use humanity, as much in your own person as in the person of every other, always at the same time as end and never merely as means.” Kant was, in a sense, postulating a variation of the oft-cited “Golden Rule” or “ethic of reciprocity,” which can be traced to antiquity and which commands one to love his or her neighbor as he or she loves himself or herself. The “Golden Rule’s” most well-known variation is in the New Testament, Matthew 7-12: “Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.” Kant, of course, had a complicated view of religion. He believed it in direct conflict with scientific reasoning but did not discount the presence of God in his life. His philosophy of ethics, however, represented a continuation of the “Golden Rule.”

In summary, Ann has deliberately exploited another human being for her own purpose and then further betrayed that human being’s trust by cavalierly cutting off all communications between Beth and herself. There is no question that Kant would disprove of Ann’s highly-questionable sense of morality. He would probably repeat another of his more frequently cited comments: “If man makes himself a worm, he must not complain when he is trodden upon.” Ann has violated the categorical imperative and has invited some form of retribution upon herself, whatever form that retribution might take.

What is the Dawes Act (1887)? What were its intentional and unintentional consequences?

The Dawes Act of 1887 was designed to remove the Native Americans from reservations and to give each family an allotment of land. The act's supposed intent was to try to have Native Americans assimilate into white society and follow white ways of living. People believed if the Native Americans were responsible for their own farms and were removed from the reservation ways of living, the Native Americans would be more likely to adopt the...

The Dawes Act of 1887 was designed to remove the Native Americans from reservations and to give each family an allotment of land. The act's supposed intent was to try to have Native Americans assimilate into white society and follow white ways of living. People believed if the Native Americans were responsible for their own farms and were removed from the reservation ways of living, the Native Americans would be more likely to adopt the white culture.

Another of the law's stated purposes was to protect the property rights of the Native Americans as Americans moved westward in search of land in the 1890s. However, the Native Americans were often given land of poor quality. Also, individual farming was very different from the farming done on the reservations. Many Native Americans also could not afford the supplies needed to run their own farms. Some Native Americans had no interest in becoming farmers. As a result, the Native Americans struggled when they were given their individual allotment of land. This law hurt many of the Native Americans instead of helping them.

How can eutrophication due to human activities be avoided?

Eutrophication of a lake occurs when the algae that reside there bloom- they reproduce at a much faster pace than normal. This is due to the input of excessive nitrates and phosphates.

When algae over grow and later die off, oxygen in the lake is depleted as bacteria use the oxygen to consume the algae. The lake may become a low oxygen environment which can devastate organisms that reside there. As fish die off,...

Eutrophication of a lake occurs when the algae that reside there bloom- they reproduce at a much faster pace than normal. This is due to the input of excessive nitrates and phosphates.

When algae over grow and later die off, oxygen in the lake is depleted as bacteria use the oxygen to consume the algae. The lake may become a low oxygen environment which can devastate organisms that reside there. As fish die off, the quality of the lake further deteriorates leading to more oxygen depletion as bacteria decompose the dead organisms. The sunlight may be prevented from entering the lake due to the algae bloom which further disrupts the food chains operating in this ecosystem.

Nutrient pollution is the main reason for eutrophication due to human activities. This is due to chemical fertilizers applied to lawns and to farms and from discharge from septic and sewer systems. Runoff from farmlands, golf-courses, private homes and areas being developed can eventually find its way into a body of water and cause it to become polluted. That is because wastes and chemical fertilizers contain nitrates and phosphates.

Humans can avoid eutrophication by limiting the use of chemical fertilizers and by applying cover crops to prevent erosion of soil into nearby lakes and streams. Vegetative buffer zones can be planted or maintained near a body of water to prevent the entry of pollutants. These are some ways to avoid eutrophication of a lake.

Stephen Crane reveals Jack Potter's character set against two very different backdrops. What are they? How does he conduct himself in each setting?...

In “The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky” by Stephen Crane, the reader experiences Jack Potter’s character on the train as a newlywed, and in the rural Texas outpost town named Yellow Sky.

When the story opens, Jack Potter is riding the train back to Yellow Sky with his new bride. Earlier in the day, the couple was married in San Antonio. Jack shows his wife how worldly he is by explaining things about train travel,...

In “The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky” by Stephen Crane, the reader experiences Jack Potter’s character on the train as a newlywed, and in the rural Texas outpost town named Yellow Sky.

When the story opens, Jack Potter is riding the train back to Yellow Sky with his new bride. Earlier in the day, the couple was married in San Antonio. Jack shows his wife how worldly he is by explaining things about train travel, and treating her to a meal in the dining car. He is a bit shy in his new role as a husband but shows concern for his bride as they travel back to Yellow Sky where he is the town marshal. His speech is quiet but informative.

"You see, it's a thousand miles from one end of Texas to the other, and this train runs right across it and never stops but four times." He had the pride of an owner. He pointed out to her the dazzling fittings of the coach, and in truth her eyes opened wider as she contemplated the sea-green figured velvet, the shining brass, silver, and glass, the wood that gleamed as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil. At one end a bronze figure sturdily held a support for a separated chamber, and at convenient places on the ceiling were frescoes in olive and silver.

At the beginning of the trip, Jack is chatty, but as they approach the town, he becomes more introspective as he considers how his constituents will react to his marriage.

Once they are back in Yellow Sky, Jack hurries his new wife through the back streets to his home, trying not to meet any of the townspeople along the way. He has an air of self-importance which causes him to worry about how he will tell the townsfolk he is a married man. He has an image as the marshal to protect. When he approaches his house, the opportunity to see how the people will react presents itself. The town troublemaker, Scratchy Wilson, appears at his door looking for a gun fight. Knowing he has to keep up appearances and control, Jack deals with Scratchy by telling him he is unarmed because he is returning home with his bride. While talking to Scratchy, Jack reverts to the language he uses when dealing with men.

His enemy's face went livid. He stepped forward and lashed his weapon to and fro before Potter's chest. "Don't you tell me you ain't got no gun on you, you whelp. Don't tell me no lie like that. There ain't a man in Texas ever seen you without no gun. Don't take me for no kid." His eyes blazed with light, and his throat worked like a pump.

Jack stays levelheaded as he deals with Scratchy, who is dumbfounded by the fact Jack Potter is a married man. That changes everything.

Is the Awakening by Kate Chopin a feminist text? Why or why not? Use evidence from the talks and The Awakening to support your opinion. Ted...

The Awakeningis most certainly a feminist novel, or at least a "protofeminist" novel since the book predates both the word and concept of feminism.  It presents a society, the Creoles, who live in New Orleans and summer in Grand Isle, in which, as Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie says in her TEDtalk, "men are more important than women."  It is not what Edna wants that matters; it is what her husband, Leonce, wants that is important....

The Awakening is most certainly a feminist novel, or at least a "protofeminist" novel since the book predates both the word and concept of feminism.  It presents a society, the Creoles, who live in New Orleans and summer in Grand Isle, in which, as Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie says in her TEDtalk, "men are more important than women."  It is not what Edna wants that matters; it is what her husband, Leonce, wants that is important.  When she is inattentive after he wakes her up in the middle of the night, he accuses her of neglecting her children.  When she rejects his sexual advances, he acts like a petulant child.  She is supposed to put his desires before her own, always.

Adichie says that "We have evolved, but it seems to me that our ideas of gender have not evolved."  Physical strength is no longer paramount in Edna's society, yet men are still very much in control.  They work outside the home and find entertainment outside the home; it is Leonce who can decide when he wants to leave and when he will return—Edna cannot do the same, nor can she weigh in on his decisions.  

When the waiters at restaurants in Nigeria ignore her and only pay attention to the man she is with, Adichie says, "I feel invisible; I feel upset."  Similarly, when no one understands Edna, when her husband fails to comprehend why she is so dissatisfied with their life together, she gets angry, very angry—just like Adichie when she points out the "grave injustice" of "Gender as it functions today."  Edna smashes a vase and flings her wedding band across the room.  She cannot even quite put into words what it is that she wants, but it sounds a lot like freedom.  She does not have the same freedom her husband, or Robert does—Robert can pick up and move to Mexico at a moment's notice.  Edna's desire for equal freedom makes her a feminist, and Chopin's depiction of Edna's ultimate unwillingness to compromise on this desire renders the novel a feminist one.

Is Grendel an unreliable narrator? If so, why?

Grendel is a monster. No, really, he is. He's also the narrator of the novel bearing his name, which tells the Beowulf story from his perspective. The story is written in first-person prose, which allows us to get an in-depth look at Beowulf from the monster's perspective. However, can the reader truly rely on what Grendel is telling us? Is Grendel mentally stable enough to be considered a reliable narrator? Looking at the text, we...

Grendel is a monster. No, really, he is. He's also the narrator of the novel bearing his name, which tells the Beowulf story from his perspective. The story is written in first-person prose, which allows us to get an in-depth look at Beowulf from the monster's perspective. However, can the reader truly rely on what Grendel is telling us? Is Grendel mentally stable enough to be considered a reliable narrator? Looking at the text, we see that Grendel's thoughts and observations, while moving and enlightening, are not exactly connected. Often, they are punctuated by various slips in mental stability. For example, look at page forty-five, where he says, "I clamped my palms to my ears and stretched up my lips and shrieked again: a stab at truth, a snatch at apocalyptic glee." At this point, Grendel is watching Hrothgar's hall and is hearing the thoughts and words of the men within.

Grendel's narrative is also non-linear. He often goes off on tangents, telling the reader about the past and various Danes who have previously ruled (Scyld Shielding, anyone?). He goes back and forth throughout the novel, offering bits of current happenings to drive the plot forward. 

We also have to consider Grendel's discussion/interaction with the Shaper. Is the Shaper real? Is this a figment of Grendel's imagination? Is it a hallucination? How can we count on Grendel as a narrator if we have no inkling of the stability of his mental state? We know that he is not stable—look at this quote on page 101: "I could see myself . . . running on all fours through the crowd to her . . . drooling and groveling at her small, fur booted feet. 'Mercy!' I would howl . . . I clamped my palms over my eyes and struggled not to laugh." His imagined encounter with Wealtheow gives us an indication that Grendel is not well. We see so many imagined encounters, it is difficult to know which really happened and which are figments of his mind. This is what makes Grendel an unreliable narrator.

Edition used for citations

Gardner, John. Grendel. Vintage Books: New York, 1989.

How are George's motivations different from Lennie's in "Of Mice And Men" by John Steinbeck?

George and Lennie share the dream of owning a farm one day. They both dislike the constant traveling that comes with being a ranch worker. Ideally, if they could raise enough money, they would buy a farm and settle down in one place. They differentiate themselves from other workers, who George and Lennie believe tend to be solitary wanderers with no aspirations of making a better future. George and Lennie, on the other hand, try to...

George and Lennie share the dream of owning a farm one day. They both dislike the constant traveling that comes with being a ranch worker. Ideally, if they could raise enough money, they would buy a farm and settle down in one place. They differentiate themselves from other workers, who George and Lennie believe tend to be solitary wanderers with no aspirations of making a better future. George and Lennie, on the other hand, try to save their money, and they are always thinking about the future. In these respects, their motivations are quite similar.

George is torn between wanting to go off on his own and staying with Lennie. He knows he would have an easier time on his own, but he has grown fond of Lennie and feels like it is his duty to protect him. Lennie is aware of this, and that's why he tries his best to keep George happy. In this way, they differ. The dream of owning the farm is their shared motivation. Additionally, George is motivated by a need to protect Lennie. He feels obligated in the way that a father looks after his son. Lennie is also motivated by a need to make George proud, which is why he focuses so much on not screwing up.